Worksheetsvkl Emerging Trends - Chapter 2
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 40mins
Which of the following topics are covered in Chapter 2: Emerging Trends?
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Big Data
Internet of Things (IoT)
All of the above
Who said the following quote? "Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes"
Edsger Dijkstra
Alan Turing
Donald Knuth
Grace Hopper
According to the passage, what are emerging trends in technology?
Emerging trends are state-of-the-art technologies that gain attention from users and persist over time.
Emerging trends are outdated technologies that are no longer used.
Emerging trends are technologies that have failed in the market.
Emerging trends are technologies that only exist in theory and have not been implemented.
Activity 2.1: Find out how NLP is helping differently-abled persons.
By enabling speech-to-text and text-to-speech technologies for communication.
By improving internet speed for all users.
By providing entertainment options for everyone.
By increasing battery life of devices.
A knowledge base is a store of information consisting of facts, assumptions and rules which an AI system can use for _________?
decision making
data storage
networking
image processing
What is the main function of Natural Language Processing (NLP) as described in the passage?
To create 3D video games
To perform text-to-speech and speech-to-text conversion
To simulate driving experiences
To generate virtual reality environments
Machine translation is a field where machines are able to translate texts from one language to another with a fair amount of correctness.
True
False
Immersive experiences allow us to ______, feel and react by stimulating our senses.
visualise
ignore
forget
hesitate
Which of the following is an example of an immersive experience used in training?
Natural language processing
Driving simulator
VR Headset
Machine translation
Virtual Reality (VR) is a ______-dimensional, computer-generated situation that simulates the real world.
three
two
four
five
At present, Virtual Reality (VR) is achieved with the help of:
Driving simulators
VR Headsets
Machine translation
Natural language processing
What is Augmented Reality (AR)?
The creation of a completely virtual world
The superimposition of computer generated perceptual information over the existing physical surroundings
The removal of physical objects from the real world
The use of robots in manufacturing
Unlike Virtual Reality, the Augmented Reality does not create something new, it just _______ or augments the perception of the underlying physical world through additional information.
alters
destroys
removes
hides
With the help of location-based AR App, travellers can access real-time information of historical places just by pointing the camera viewfinder to subjects.
True
False
Robots are playing which role in the medical field?
Assisting in surgeries and patient care
Managing hospital finances
Designing hospital buildings
Providing legal advice to patients
Which of the following is NOT a type of robot mentioned in the passage? Choose the correct option.
Wheeled robots
Legged robots
Flying robots
Swimming robots
NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission is a robotic space mission to study about the planet Mars.
True
False
Sophia is a humanoid that uses artificial intelligence, visual data processing, facial recognition and also imitates human gestures and facial expressions.
True
False
Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of technology requiring applications of mechanical engineering, electronics, and computer science, among others.
True
False
A drone can be helpful in the event of a natural calamity.
Yes, it can assist in rescue and relief operations.
No, it cannot be used during natural calamities.
Drones are only used for entertainment purposes.
Drones are banned during natural calamities.
Which of the following is shown in Figure 2.5?
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER)
Sophia: a Humanoid
An unmanned aircraft
Which of the following is shown in Figure 2.6?
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER)
Sophia: a Humanoid
An unmanned aircraft
Which of the following is shown in Figure 2.7?
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER)
Sophia: a Humanoid
An unmanned aircraft
According to Figure 2.8, how many emails are sent in 60 seconds?
204 million emails are sent in 60 seconds.
50 million emails are sent in 60 seconds.
500 million emails are sent in 60 seconds.
20 million emails are sent in 60 seconds.
According to Figure 2.8, how many search queries are made on Google in 60 seconds?
2.4 million search queries are made on Google in 60 seconds.
240,000 search queries are made on Google in 60 seconds.
24 million search queries are made on Google in 60 seconds.
1 million search queries are made on Google in 60 seconds.
My digital activities contribute to the generation of Big Data by:
Sharing and generating large amounts of data online
Avoiding all online platforms
Not using any digital devices
Reducing my internet usage to zero
What is the most prominent characteristic of Big Data that refers to its enormous size, making it difficult to process with traditional DBMS tools?
Volume
Variety
Velocity
Veracity
Which characteristic of Big Data represents the rate at which data is generated and stored, and is exponentially higher than traditional data sets?
Velocity
Variety
Veracity
Volume
Which characteristic of Big Data asserts that a data set has varied data, such as structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data?
Variety
Velocity
Volume
Veracity
Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the trustworthiness of the data because processing incorrect data can give wrong results or mislead interpretations?
Veracity
Volume
Velocity
Variety
Which characteristic of Big Data refers to its potential to have hidden patterns and useful knowledge that can be of high business value?
Value
Volume
Velocity
Variety
Which of the following is an example of an IoT device available in the market?
Smart Refrigerator
Desktop Computer
Laser Printer
Mechanical Typewriter
What is Data Analytics?
Data analytics is the process of examining data sets in order to draw conclusions about the information they contain, with the aid of specialised systems and software.
Data analytics is the process of creating new data sets from scratch without any analysis.
Data analytics is the process of deleting irrelevant data from databases only.
Data analytics is the process of storing data without any further processing.
Which programming language library is mentioned as a tool for data analysis in the passage?
Pandas (Python library)
NumPy (Python library)
Matplotlib (Python library)
Requests (Python library)
What does the term 'Internet of Things (IoT)' refer to?
A network of devices that have embedded hardware and software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same network.
A type of social media platform for sharing photos and videos.
A programming language used for developing mobile applications.
A method of connecting computers using fiber optic cables only.
Which of the following devices can be part of the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Refrigerator
Smartwatch
Laptop
All of the above
Activity 2.4: We use GPS to navigate outdoors. VPS is another emerging trend that uses Augmented Reality. Which of the following is another utility of VPS?
Indoor navigation in large buildings
Sending text messages
Making phone calls
Playing music
What does the accelerometer sensor in mobile phones detect?
The accelerometer sensor in mobile phones detects the orientation of the phone.
The accelerometer sensor in mobile phones detects the battery level.
The accelerometer sensor in mobile phones detects the screen brightness.
The accelerometer sensor in mobile phones detects the Wi-Fi signal strength.
Which two sensors help the mobile phone display change orientation when held vertically or horizontally?
Accelerometer and Gyroscope
Magnetometer and Barometer
Thermometer and Hygrometer
Proximity and Light sensor
The gyroscope sensor in mobile phones tracks rotation or twist of your hand and adds to the information supplied by the accelerometer.
True
False
What is a smart sensor?
A smart sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in computing resources to perform predefined functions upon detection of specific input and then process data before passing it on.
A smart sensor is a device that only stores data without any processing capabilities.
A smart sensor is a device that can only transmit data wirelessly without any computation.
A smart sensor is a device that measures temperature only and cannot process any data.
Transforming your city into a smart city involves which of the following key ideas?
Implementing advanced technology and digital infrastructure
Ignoring environmental sustainability
Reducing public transportation options
Limiting internet connectivity
Which of the following is NOT a challenge faced by city planners in managing urban cities?
A) Air pollution
B) Traffic congestions
C) Sports facilities
D) Mountain climbing
What type of sensors does the smart bridge use to detect any loose bolt, cable or crack?
Wireless sensors
Temperature sensors
Motion sensors
Pressure sensors
What are the three standard models to categorise different computing services delivered through cloud?
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS)
Hardware as a Service (HaaS), Network as a Service (NaaS), Database as a Service (DBaaS)
Storage as a Service (StaaS), Security as a Service (SecaaS), Application as a Service (AaaS)
None of the above
Fill in the blank: The IaaS providers can offer different kinds of computing infrastructure, such as ________, virtual machines (VM), storage and backup facility, network components, operating systems or any other hardware or software.
servers
printers
monitors
keyboards
Which of the following is NOT a feature of cloud computing mentioned in the passage?
Cost-effective
On-demand resources
Need-based resources
Unlimited free resources
Fill in the blank: Using IaaS from the cloud, a user can use the hardware infrastructure located at a ________ location to configure, deploy and execute any software application on that cloud infrastructure.
remote
local
private
physical
Name a few data centers in India along with the major services that they provide.
CtrlS Data Center: Colocation, Cloud Hosting, Disaster Recovery
Amazon Data Center: Automobile Manufacturing, Textile Production, Food Processing
Reliance Data Center: Agriculture, Mining, Oil Refining
Tata Data Center: Tourism, Education, Sports Management
What is Platform as a Service (PaaS)?
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a cloud service that allows users to install and execute applications without worrying about the underlying infrastructure and setup. It provides a platform to develop, test, and deliver software applications.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a type of hardware that allows users to build their own physical servers.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a software that only provides storage solutions for large enterprises.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a service that only offers networking capabilities without any application support.
Which of the following is NOT required when using PaaS to deploy a web application?
Installing MySQL and Python on the cloud
Configuring the web server (Apache, nginx)
Availing a pre-configured server from cloud
Managing the underlying hardware
Software as a Service (SaaS) provides on-demand access to application software, usually requiring a licensing or subscription by the user.
True
False
What is the main difference between cloud computing and grid computing as described in the passage?
Cloud computing primarily provides services, while grid computing is more application specific and creates a sense of a virtual supercomputer.
Cloud computing is only used for storage, while grid computing is only used for processing.
Cloud computing requires physical servers on-site, while grid computing does not.
Cloud computing is less scalable than grid computing.
Some of the emerging trends discussed in this chapter can be used as assistive tools for people with disabilities. Which of the following is an example of how these trends can help?
Providing adaptive technologies for communication and mobility
Limiting access to digital resources
Increasing barriers to employment
Reducing opportunities for social interaction
Name any two areas other than those given where the concept of blockchain technology can be useful.
Supply chain management and voting systems
Weather forecasting and gardening
Cooking recipes and fashion design
Pet care and interior decoration
Describe the process of how a transaction is added to the blockchain as shown in the diagram.
A transaction is verified, grouped into a block, and added to the blockchain by miners.
A transaction is sent directly to the blockchain without verification.
A transaction is added to the blockchain only after approval from all users.
A transaction is stored in a database before being added to the blockchain.
Fill in the blank: Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines thus making them ________.
intelligent
mechanical
obsolete
fragile
Fill in the blank: Machine learning comprises of algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make ________.
predictions
mistakes
guesses
errors
Fill in the blank: Natural language processing (NLP) facilitates communicating with intelligent systems using a ________.
natural language
binary code
sign language
mathematical equation
Fill in the blank: Virtual reality allows a user to look at, explore, and interact with the virtual surroundings, just like one can do in the ________.
real world
internet
television
dream
Fill in the blank: The superimposition of computer-generated perceptual information over the existing physical surroundings is called ________.
augmented reality
virtual reality
mixed reality
artificial intelligence
Fill in the blank: Robotics can be defined as the science primarily associated with the design, fabrication, theory, and application of ________.
robots
computers
vehicles
buildings
Fill in the blank: Big data holds rich information and knowledge which can be of high business value. Five characteristics of big data are: Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and ________.
Value
Vision
Venture
Vantage
Fill in the blank: Data analytics is the process of examining data sets in order to draw ________ about the information they contain.
conclusions
predictions
guesses
assumptions
Fill in the blank: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same ________.
network
continent
browser
database
Fill in the blank: A sensor is a device that takes input from the physical environment and uses built-in computing resources to perform predefined functions upon detection of specific input and then processes data before passing it ________.
on
back
down
around
List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.
Google Drive, Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, Amazon Web Services
Bluetooth, USB, HDMI, VGA
Windows XP, MS-DOS, Linux, Unix
Laser printer, Inkjet printer, Dot matrix printer, 3D printer
The Internet of Things refers to:
A network of interconnected devices that communicate and exchange data to enable smart applications.
A type of social media platform for sharing information online.
A method of connecting computers only for gaming purposes.
A system for sending emails between devices.
Which of the following best describes cloud computing and big data characteristics?
Cloud computing provides on-demand resources over the internet, and big data is characterized by volume, velocity, and variety.
Cloud computing is a type of physical server, and big data is only about large storage.
Cloud computing is only for personal use, and big data has no specific characteristics.
Cloud computing is offline data storage, and big data is characterized by small datasets.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are technologies with various applications. Which of the following best describes their applications?
AI is used in robotics, healthcare, and finance; ML is used for data analysis, prediction, and automation.
AI is only used for gaming; ML is only used for image editing.
AI and ML are only theoretical concepts with no real-world applications.
AI is used for cooking recipes; ML is used for drawing cartoons.
Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable examples.
Cloud computing provides on-demand resources over the internet, while grid computing connects multiple computers to work on a single task; for example, Google Drive (cloud) vs. SETI@home (grid).
Cloud computing is only used for scientific research, while grid computing is used for personal storage.
Cloud computing requires physical servers in every location, while grid computing does not use servers.
Cloud computing and grid computing are identical in functionality and usage.
Justify the following statement- ‘Storage of data is cost effective and time saving in cloud computing.’
Cloud computing allows users to store data without investing in expensive hardware and provides quick access to information.
Cloud computing requires users to purchase costly servers and increases data retrieval time.
Cloud computing makes data storage more expensive and time-consuming than traditional methods.
Cloud computing does not offer any advantages in terms of cost or time for data storage.
On-demand service in cloud computing refers to:
Providing resources as needed, without manual intervention.
Requiring users to schedule resources in advance.
Offering fixed resources regardless of demand.
Delivering services only during business hours.
Select the correct examples for the following: a) Government provided cloud computing platform b) Large scale private cloud service providers and the services they provide
a) Government: NIC Cloud; Private: AWS, Azure, Google Cloud (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
a) Government: AWS; Private: NIC Cloud, Azure, Google Cloud (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
a) Government: Google Cloud; Private: NIC Cloud, AWS, Azure (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
a) Government: Azure; Private: NIC Cloud, AWS, Google Cloud (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
A company interested in cloud computing is looking for a provider who offers a set of basic services such as virtual server provisioning and on-demand storage that can be combined into a platform for deploying and running customised applications. What type of cloud computing model fits these requirements?
Platform as a Service
Software as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Which is not one of the features of IoT devices?
Remotely controllable
Programmable
Can turn themselves off if necessary
All of the above
Which of the following is a way to implement IoT concepts to transform a school into an IoT enabled smart school?
Installing smart sensors for monitoring classroom environment and automating lighting and temperature control.
Using only traditional chalkboards and paper-based attendance systems.
Limiting internet access to only administrative staff.
Avoiding the use of any connected devices in classrooms.
Five friends plan to try a startup. However, they have a limited budget and limited computer infrastructure. How can they avail the benefits of cloud services to launch their startup?
By using cloud computing platforms to access scalable resources and services without heavy upfront investment.
By purchasing expensive physical servers for their office.
By hiring a large IT team to manage their own infrastructure.
By relying solely on free software downloaded from the internet.
Blockchain technology can be used to promote which of the following in the distribution of government scholarships to students?
Accountability, transparency, and efficiency
Increased paperwork and manual errors
Reduced security and privacy
Limited access to scholarship information
How IoT and WoT are related?
IoT and WoT both connect devices to the internet, but WoT focuses on web standards for interaction.
IoT and WoT are completely unrelated technologies.
WoT is a subset of IoT that only deals with wearable devices.
IoT is only about sensors, while WoT is only about websites.
