WorksheetsAnatomy and Physiology Concepts
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 4hrs 19mins
Which is the largest organelle within the cell, and is responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Which is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Mediastinum
Diaphragm
Pleural Muscle
Intercostal muscle
Which is the sodium-potassium pump an example of?
A passive transport process
An active transport process
A filtration process
Osmosis
Which is the type of tissue that is packed closely together and that contains no blood vessels?
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Epithelial tissue
Which does the term “medial” refers to in anatomic terms?
Front
Back
Midline
Head
Which is the body plane that runs lengthwise from the front to the back?
Sagittal plane
Coronal plane
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
What is the final phase of mitosis, in which the two nuclei appear and the chromosomes disperse?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Which is the process that permits a cell to engulf or surround any foreign material and digest it?
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
Osmosis
Filtration
Adipose tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood are examples of which type of tissue?
muscle
connective
nervous
epithelial
Which anatomic term means toward the midline?
anterior
posterior
medial
cranial
Which are the smallest living components in our body?
cells
organs
electrons
osmosis
Which is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondrion
golgi appratus
When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, this indicates a likely disorder in which body cavity?
pelvic
mediastinum
dorsal
abdominal
The four phases of cell division all occur in which process?
diffusion
mitosis
osmosis
filtration
Telophases is which phases of cell reproduction during mitosis?
first phase
latent phase
final phase
spindle phase
The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?
skeletal
glial
cardiac
visceral
Which group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform a more complex function than any tissue alone?
organ
system
cell
endoplasmic reticulum
What abdominal region is #1?
Right Hypochondriac Region
Left Hypochondriac Region
Right Lumbar Region
Right Lumbar Region
What abdominal region is #2?
Hypogastric
Right Inguinal
Epigastric
Umbilical
What abdominal region is #3?
Hypogastric
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Umbilical
What abdominal region is #4?
Right Lumbar
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Umbilical
What abdominal region is #5?
Right Lumbar
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Umbilical
What abdominal region is #6?
Hypogastric
Right Inguinal
Left Lumbar
Umbilical
What abdominal region is #7?
Right Inguinal
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Left Inguinal
What abdominal region is #8?
Right Inguinal
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Hypogastric
What abdominal region is #9?
Left Inguinal
Left Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric
Hypogastric
What is d?
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant
What is b?
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant
What is a?
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant
What is c?
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant
What traits describe visceral muscles?
smooth and voluntary
smooth and involuntary
striated and voluntary
striated and unvoluntary
How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?
by the pleura
by the diaphragm
by the sagittal plane
by the peritoneum
Which is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?
hematology
anatomy
kinesiology
physiology
Which term explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they interact with one another?
anatomy
mitosis
filtration
physiology
Which anatomic structure(s) is/are NOT in the thoracic cavity?
heart
lungs
blood vessels
transverse colon
When serveral organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, which is formed?
tissues
systems
cells
membranes
Which are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?
tisue typing
blood count
effectiveness of a drug
sexual maturity
In anatomic terminology, posterior means toward which body part?
tail
head
back
trunk
What does the transverse body plane divide?
the front and back (coronal) of the body
the body lengthwise (two equal halves)
the superior and inferior portions of the body
the body into axial and appendicular
Caudal is defined as toward which direction?
head
feet
tail
chest
Which is the term for movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration?
absorption
filtration
diffusion
osmosis
Which is the type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?
epithelial
connective
membrane
muscle
Which is the type of tissue associated with the storage of fat?
areolar tissue
adipose tissue
osseous tissue
muscle tissue
Which are the tissues that lubricate and line the body surfaces that open to the outside environment?
mucous membranes
serous membrane
cytoplasm
involuntary visceral muscles
Which is the process by which a cell digests a foreign material by surrounding it?
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
absorption
diffusion
Active transport in the movement of irons and other water-soluble particles across cell membranes requires that the body uses which process?
rapid filtration
charged diffusion
a chemical pump
osmosis
Which is the term for the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side?
metabolism
mitosis
filtration
osmosis
The nurse is aware that when a patient complains of pain in the epigastric region, the source of the pain is most likely to be a disorder involving which organ?
gallbladder
transverse colon
stomach
appendix
Which are tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures?
connective
epithelial
nerve
muscle
When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal to distal order, the assessment is performed in which manner?
from the shoulder to fingers
from the front to the back
from the fingers to the center of the body
from the center of the body to the fingers
Which is the function of epithelial membranes?
secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae
lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines inernal surfaces of organs
covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium
lines lungs, pertineum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid
The nurse explains that pinocytosis is a process by which cells perform which action?
divide
take in extracellular fluid
use a chemical pump
convert mitochondria
Which is the most complex structural level of organization of the body?
body as a whole
cellular
organs
chemical
Which structure forms the outer boundary of the cell?
the nucleus
the cytoplasm
the plasma membrane
the endoplasmic reticulum
Which are among the 11 body systems? (select all that apply)
lymphatic
digestive
reproductive
acessory
cellular
Which are characteristics of visceral muscles? (select all that apply)
involuntary
smooth
striated
voluntary
present in the blood vessels
Which are passive transport mechanisms that move material across the cell membranes?
diffusion
filtration
osmosis
mitosis
anaphase
Which organs can be found in the dorsal cavity? (select all that apply)
kidneys
gallbladder
brain
pancreas
spinal cavities
The nurse clarifies that the three functions of epithelial tissue are protection, (a) , and secretion.
The nurse explains that (a) are small sac like structures inside the cell that digest compounds that have invaded the cell.
The body plane that divides the body into the ventral and dorsal section is the (a) plane.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing back pain located in the lower portion of the spine. The nurse is correct in documenting this as what area?
medial
caudal
proximal
dorsal
The nurse correctly identifies which organs as being found in the abdominopelvic cavity? (select all that apply)
spleen
urinary bladder
pancreas
gallbladder
rectum
The student nurse correctly identifies (a) as when a person's body is maintaining a balanced state within its internal environment.
What process has occured when the patient inhales oxygen and it passes through the lungs and into the bloodstream (area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration)?
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
osmosis
diffusion
The nurse correctly identifies which mechanism as the movement of materials across the membrane of a cell by means of chemical activity requiring the expenditure of energy by the cell?
passive transport
active transport
telophase
transcrpition
What type of tissue is composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?
epithelial
connective
muscle
membrane
The student nurse demonstrates knowledge of basic human anatomy and physiology with which statement?
"Mucous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms
"Serous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms
striated smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms
visceral, involuntary smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms
When the body recognizes a foreign body invasion and responds by engulfing or surrounding the foreign material and digesting it, the nurse is accurate in identifying this process as what?
mitosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
filtration
A type of cell division of somatic cells in which each daughter cell contains the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell is called what?
flagella
mitosis
ER synthesis
mitochondria
When a group of several different kinds of tissues is arranged to perform a special function, the nurse correctly uses which term to describe it?
cell
organ
tissue
system
The hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is located where? (select all that apply)
inferior to the umbilibal
lateral to the left iliac region
medial to the right iliac region
lateral to the epigastric region
superior to the right lumbar region
A patient is being admitted to the intensive care unit following a motor vehicle accident that resulted in serious injury to organs in the dorsal cavity. Which organs does the nurse suspect are involved?
right kidney
spinal cord
liver
gallbladder
brain
The patient had a gunshot wound that damaged the structure that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The nurse is aware that what structure has been affected?
mediastinum
diaphragm
lungs
stomach
The nurse is caring for a patient with a disease of the endocrine system. Which organs does the nurse identify as possibly not functioning correctly based on this patient's disease? (select all that apply)
pituitary gland
pancreas
thyroid gland
spleen
adrenal glands
Superior is opposite to (a)
Distal is oppisite to (a)
anterior is opposite to (a)
lateral is opposite to (a)
deep is opposite to (a)
Forms the outer boundary of the cell, the plasma membrane has distinct surface proteins as coming from one individual. This is the basis for the procedure of tissue typing to determine compatibility before an organ transplant
plasma membrane
nucleus
cilia
flagella
internal living material of the cells
cytoplasm
ribosomes
nucleoli
centrioles
synthesize proteins, lipids, and carbs
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
centrioles
ribosomes
the cell's protein factory
ribosomes
mitochondria
centrioles
flagella
powerhouses of the cell
mitochondria
centrioles
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
digestive systems of a cell
lysosomes
ribosomes
nucleus
flagella
synthesizes carbs with proteins and packages it as globules of glycoprotein
golgi apparatus
cilia
lysosomes
plasma membrane
functions in cell reproduction
centrioles
flagella
ribosomes
mitochondria
short, hair like extensions that propel things
cilia
flagella
nucleus
lysosomes
tail of a sperm
flagella
cilia
nucleoli
golgi apparatus
essential for Ribosome development
nucleoli
nucleus
centrioles
flagella
organization of many similar cells that act together to perform a common function
tissue
organ
system
group of several different kinds of tissues arranged to perform a special function
organ
system
tissue
organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged to perform complex functions for the body
system
organ
tissue
C/O pain in the bladder is charted as c/o pain in which cavity?
pelvic
abdominal
spinal
cranial
C/O gallbladder pain is charted as c/o pain in which cavity?
abdominal
pelvic
cranial
spinal
The chest is ______ to the spine. The foot is _______ to the ankle.
(a)
The nurse assesses an arm from proximal to distal order. This means he/she assesses from the _____ to the ______.
(a)
the patient reports "I ran into the coffee table and bruised my shin". Which sample of documentation best reflects the nurses knowledge of anatomy and medical terminology?
shin damage noted on right lower leg in the shin area
patient reports running into coffee table in bruising shin
moderate bruising noted on patients right leg just below the knee
4 cm ecchymosis on mid interior of right tibia-fibula
Which transport process allows water and solutes to move through the kidney to form urine?
diffusion
filtration
osmosis
ion pump
a neglected infant sustained a superficial sunburn on the dorsal body surface. Which instructions would the nurse give to the unlicensed assistant Personnel.
you will see a thin film of cream on the baby's perineal area
eat if you see peeling or blistering on the front of the chest let me know
use tepid water and gently wash the baby's back and pat dry
the baby's face and the top of his head may appear red and flaky
the nurse is checking a patient's peripheral pulses. Which pulse is the most distal in the lower extremities
dorsalis pedis
popliteal
posterior tibial
femoral
which anatomic structure is in the medial portion of the chest?lungs
lungs
heart
sternum
clavicles
which part of the cell has distinct surface proteins to play an important role in tissue typing to determine compatibility for organ transplant?
protoplasm
nucleus
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
One type of cell in the body relies on the action of the ion pump to move nearly all calcium ions to special compartments or out of the cell. Which body function is most affected by this process?
muscle contraction
digestion of food
infection control measures
secretion of hormones
the healthcare provider tells the nurse that the patient has a hematopoietic disorder period which laboratory result would the nurse expect to see
decreased potassium
decreased red blood cell count
increased glucose
increased blood urea nitrogen
for a patient with a history of splenectomy which topic is the nurse most likely to review to ensure that the patient has a good understanding of the self-care related to loss of the spleen
blood glucose montoring
dietary sources of fiber
protection against infection
fall prevention
urinary the patient reports pain in the right upper abdomen just inferior to the ribs. Based on the nurses knowledge of anatomy which organ is most likely to be contributing to the patient's discomfort?
small intestine
spleen
gallbladder
cecum
the nurse suspects that the patient has urinary retention and must assess the bladder distension. Which region of the patient's abdomen will the nurse palpate?
umbilical region
hypogastric region
right hypochondriac region
left iliac region
the patient has a stomach ulcer. Based on knowledge of anatomy the nurse recognizes that the patient is likely to report pain or discomfort in which region of the abdomen?
epigastric region
right iliac region
left lumbar region
hypogastric region
the patience diagnosed with appendicitis. The HCP orders ice to the abdomen pending emergency surgery. Where will the nurse place the prepared ice bag?
left lower quadrant
right lower quardrant
left upper quadrant
right upper quadrant
in the case of Ball obstruction which condition is most likely to cause the first episodes of vomiting if the patient is consuming solid Food?
distal large intestine obstruction
proximal large intestine obstruction
distal small intestine obstruction
proximal small intestine obstruction
the patient sustains injury to the epidermis. Which problem will the nurse anticipate and try to prevent?
loss of strength
decreased secretion of mucus
loss of insulation
the patient who is comatose displays continuous open mouth breathing which causes drying of the mucus membrane. What is the most important rationale for ensuring good oral hygiene for this patient?
preserve patient's dignity
lubricate food for digestion
prevent respiratory infection
maintain condition of teeth
the patient tells the nurse that he has a history of bursitis. Which Focus assessment is the nurse most likely to perform that relates to the information?
oscillate the bowel sounds and palpate the abdomen
auscultate lung sounds and watch respiratory effort
put joints through range of motion and ask about discomfort
ask patient to balance on right leg and then on left leg
The cell structures known as flagella are important for which body function?
digestion
circulation
reproduction
respiration
Which patient is most likely to benefit from biofeedback as a self-care management technique?
has difficulty communicating needs because of brain damage
has an elevated temperature secondary to an infection
has pain in the right lateral ankle during weight-bearing
has occasional asthma attacks with labored respiration
A frail older patient had a prolonged illness and now has minimal adipose tissue. Which member of the health care team would be best to help restore the reserve tissue?
dietitian
physical therapist
nurse practitoner
blood bank technician
The patient is bedridden and needs assistance. Documentation with date and nurse's signature includes: 10:00 Assisted into a right lateral side-lying position; 12:00 Assisted into supine position; 14:00 Assisted into left lateral side-lying position. What is the best rationale for this type of documentation?
documentation shows that needs were met and the goal was achieved
documentation reflects actions taken to prevent complications of immobility
Nurse is following standard documentation guidelines
nurse is demonstrating a professional knowledge of terminology
