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Worksheets

Anatomy and Physiology Concepts

Total questions: 124

Worksheet time: 4hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is the largest organelle within the cell, and is responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?

a)

nucleus

b)

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

c)

Ribosome

d)

Mitochondria

2.

Which is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

a)

Mediastinum

b)

Diaphragm

c)

Pleural Muscle

d)

Intercostal muscle

3.

Which is the sodium-potassium pump an example of?

a)
  • A passive transport process

b)
  • An active transport process

c)
  • A filtration process

d)
  • Osmosis

4.

Which is the type of tissue that is packed closely together and that contains no blood vessels?

a)
  • Connective tissue

b)
  • Muscle tissue

c)
  • Nervous tissue

d)
  • Epithelial tissue

5.

Which does the term “medial” refers to in anatomic terms?

a)

Front

b)

Back

c)

Midline

d)

Head

6.

Which is the body plane that runs lengthwise from the front to the back?

a)
  • Sagittal plane

b)
  • Coronal plane

c)
  • Frontal plane

d)
  • Transverse plane

7.

What is the final phase of mitosis, in which the two nuclei appear and the chromosomes disperse?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

8.

Which is the process that permits a cell to engulf or surround any foreign material and digest it?

a)
  • Pinocytosis

b)
  • Phagocytosis

c)
  • Osmosis

d)
  • Filtration

9.

Adipose tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood are examples of which type of tissue?

a)
  • muscle

b)
  • connective

c)
  • nervous

d)
  • epithelial

10.

Which anatomic term means toward the midline?

a)

anterior

b)

posterior

c)

medial

d)

cranial

11.

Which are the smallest living components in our body?

a)

cells

b)

organs

c)

electrons

d)

osmosis

12.

Which is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

mitochondrion

d)

golgi appratus

13.

When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, this indicates a likely disorder in which body cavity?

a)

pelvic

b)

mediastinum

c)

dorsal

d)

abdominal

14.

The four phases of cell division all occur in which process?

a)

diffusion

b)

mitosis

c)

osmosis

d)

filtration

15.

Telophases is which phases of cell reproduction during mitosis?

a)

first phase

b)

latent phase

c)

final phase

d)

spindle phase

16.

The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?

a)

skeletal

b)

glial

c)

cardiac

d)

visceral

17.

Which group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform a more complex function than any tissue alone?

a)

organ

b)

system

c)

cell

d)

endoplasmic reticulum

18.

What abdominal region is #1?

a)

Right Hypochondriac Region

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Right Lumbar Region

d)

Right Lumbar Region

19.

What abdominal region is #2?

a)

Hypogastric

b)

Right Inguinal

c)

Epigastric

d)

Umbilical

20.

What abdominal region is #3?

a)

Hypogastric

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Umbilical

21.

What abdominal region is #4?

a)

Right Lumbar

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Umbilical

22.

What abdominal region is #5?

a)

Right Lumbar

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Umbilical

23.

What abdominal region is #6?

a)

Hypogastric

b)

Right Inguinal

c)

Left Lumbar

d)

Umbilical

24.

What abdominal region is #7?

a)

Right Inguinal

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Left Inguinal

25.

What abdominal region is #8?

a)

Right Inguinal

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Hypogastric

26.

What abdominal region is #9?

a)

Left Inguinal

b)

Left Hypochondriac Region

c)

Epigastric

d)

Hypogastric

27.

What is d?

a)

Right Upper Quadrant

b)

Left Upper Quadrant

c)

Right Lower Quadrant

d)

Left Lower Quadrant

28.

What is b?

a)

Right Upper Quadrant

b)

Left Upper Quadrant

c)

Right Lower Quadrant

d)

Left Lower Quadrant

29.

What is a?

a)

Right Upper Quadrant

b)

Left Upper Quadrant

c)

Right Lower Quadrant

d)

Left Lower Quadrant

30.

What is c?

a)

Right Upper Quadrant

b)

Left Upper Quadrant

c)

Right Lower Quadrant

d)

Left Lower Quadrant

31.
Anterior 
a)
Near the front 
b)
Near the back
c)
Farther from the body core
d)
Nearer the body core 
32.
Medial
a)
Situated closer to the surface 
b)
Situated farther from the surface 
c)
Situated closer to the midline of the body
d)
Situated farther from the midline of the body
33.
Located closer to the point of attachment (of a limb)
a)
Distal
b)
Proximal
c)
Medial 
d)
Lateral 
34.
Ventral
a)
Along the back side of the vertebral column
b)
Along the front side of the vertebral column
c)
Closer to the head
d)
Closer to the tail (rear) 
35.

What traits describe visceral muscles?

a)

smooth and voluntary

b)

smooth and involuntary

c)

striated and voluntary

d)

striated and unvoluntary

36.

How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?

a)

by the pleura

b)

by the diaphragm

c)

by the sagittal plane

d)

by the peritoneum

37.

Which is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?

a)

hematology

b)

anatomy

c)

kinesiology

d)

physiology

38.

Which term explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they interact with one another?

a)

anatomy

b)

mitosis

c)

filtration

d)

physiology

39.

Which anatomic structure(s) is/are NOT in the thoracic cavity?

a)

heart

b)

lungs

c)

blood vessels

d)

transverse colon

40.

When serveral organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, which is formed?

a)

tissues

b)

systems

c)

cells

d)

membranes

41.

Which are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?

a)

tisue typing

b)

blood count

c)

effectiveness of a drug

d)

sexual maturity

42.

In anatomic terminology, posterior means toward which body part?

a)

tail

b)

head

c)

back

d)

trunk

43.

What does the transverse body plane divide?

a)

the front and back (coronal) of the body

b)

the body lengthwise (two equal halves)

c)

the superior and inferior portions of the body

d)

the body into axial and appendicular

44.

Caudal is defined as toward which direction?

a)

head

b)

feet

c)

tail

d)

chest

45.

Which is the term for movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration?

a)

absorption

b)

filtration

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

46.

Which is the type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

membrane

d)

muscle

47.

Which is the type of tissue associated with the storage of fat?

a)

areolar tissue

b)

adipose tissue

c)

osseous tissue

d)

muscle tissue

48.

Which are the tissues that lubricate and line the body surfaces that open to the outside environment?

a)

mucous membranes

b)

serous membrane

c)

cytoplasm

d)

involuntary visceral muscles

49.

Which is the process by which a cell digests a foreign material by surrounding it?

a)

pinocytosis

b)

phagocytosis

c)

absorption

d)

diffusion

50.

Active transport in the movement of irons and other water-soluble particles across cell membranes requires that the body uses which process?

a)

rapid filtration

b)

charged diffusion

c)

a chemical pump

d)

osmosis

51.

Which is the term for the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side?

a)

metabolism

b)

mitosis

c)

filtration

d)

osmosis

52.

The nurse is aware that when a patient complains of pain in the epigastric region, the source of the pain is most likely to be a disorder involving which organ?

a)

gallbladder

b)

transverse colon

c)

stomach

d)

appendix

53.

Which are tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures?

a)

connective

b)

epithelial

c)

nerve

d)

muscle

54.

When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal to distal order, the assessment is performed in which manner?

a)

from the shoulder to fingers

b)

from the front to the back

c)

from the fingers to the center of the body

d)

from the center of the body to the fingers

55.

Which is the function of epithelial membranes?

a)

secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae

b)

lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines inernal surfaces of organs

c)

covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium

d)

lines lungs, pertineum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid

56.

The nurse explains that pinocytosis is a process by which cells perform which action?

a)

divide

b)

take in extracellular fluid

c)

use a chemical pump

d)

convert mitochondria

57.

Which is the most complex structural level of organization of the body?

a)

body as a whole

b)

cellular

c)

organs

d)

chemical

58.

Which structure forms the outer boundary of the cell?

a)

the nucleus

b)

the cytoplasm

c)

the plasma membrane

d)

the endoplasmic reticulum

59.

Which are among the 11 body systems? (select all that apply)

a)

lymphatic

b)

digestive

c)

reproductive

d)

acessory

e)

cellular

60.

Which are characteristics of visceral muscles? (select all that apply)

a)

involuntary

b)

smooth

c)

striated

d)

voluntary

e)

present in the blood vessels

61.

Which are passive transport mechanisms that move material across the cell membranes?

a)

diffusion

b)

filtration

c)

osmosis

d)

mitosis

e)

anaphase

62.

Which organs can be found in the dorsal cavity? (select all that apply)

a)

kidneys

b)

gallbladder

c)

brain

d)

pancreas

e)

spinal cavities

63.

The nurse clarifies that the three functions of epithelial tissue are protection, (a)   , and secretion.

64.

The nurse explains that (a)   are small sac like structures inside the cell that digest compounds that have invaded the cell.

65.

The body plane that divides the body into the ventral and dorsal section is the (a)   plane.

66.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing back pain located in the lower portion of the spine. The nurse is correct in documenting this as what area?

a)

medial

b)

caudal

c)

proximal

d)

dorsal

67.

The nurse correctly identifies which organs as being found in the abdominopelvic cavity? (select all that apply)

a)

spleen

b)

urinary bladder

c)

pancreas

d)

gallbladder

e)

rectum

68.

The student nurse correctly identifies (a)   as when a person's body is maintaining a balanced state within its internal environment.

69.

What process has occured when the patient inhales oxygen and it passes through the lungs and into the bloodstream (area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration)?

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

osmosis

d)

diffusion

70.

The nurse correctly identifies which mechanism as the movement of materials across the membrane of a cell by means of chemical activity requiring the expenditure of energy by the cell?

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

c)

telophase

d)

transcrpition

71.

What type of tissue is composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?

a)

epithelial

b)

connective

c)

muscle

d)

membrane

72.

The student nurse demonstrates knowledge of basic human anatomy and physiology with which statement?

a)

"Mucous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms

b)

"Serous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms

c)

striated smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms

d)

visceral, involuntary smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms

73.

When the body recognizes a foreign body invasion and responds by engulfing or surrounding the foreign material and digesting it, the nurse is accurate in identifying this process as what?

a)

mitosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

phagocytosis

d)

filtration

74.

A type of cell division of somatic cells in which each daughter cell contains the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell is called what?

a)

flagella

b)

mitosis

c)

ER synthesis

d)

mitochondria

75.

When a group of several different kinds of tissues is arranged to perform a special function, the nurse correctly uses which term to describe it?

a)

cell

b)

organ

c)

tissue

d)

system

76.

The hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is located where? (select all that apply)

a)

inferior to the umbilibal

b)

lateral to the left iliac region

c)

medial to the right iliac region

d)

lateral to the epigastric region

e)

superior to the right lumbar region

77.

A patient is being admitted to the intensive care unit following a motor vehicle accident that resulted in serious injury to organs in the dorsal cavity. Which organs does the nurse suspect are involved?

a)

right kidney

b)

spinal cord

c)

liver

d)

gallbladder

e)

brain

78.

The patient had a gunshot wound that damaged the structure that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The nurse is aware that what structure has been affected?

a)

mediastinum

b)

diaphragm

c)

lungs

d)

stomach

79.

The nurse is caring for a patient with a disease of the endocrine system. Which organs does the nurse identify as possibly not functioning correctly based on this patient's disease? (select all that apply)

a)

pituitary gland

b)

pancreas

c)

thyroid gland

d)

spleen

e)

adrenal glands

80.

Superior is opposite to (a)  

81.

Distal is oppisite to (a)  

82.

anterior is opposite to (a)  

83.

lateral is opposite to (a)  

84.

deep is opposite to (a)  

85.

Forms the outer boundary of the cell, the plasma membrane has distinct surface proteins as coming from one individual. This is the basis for the procedure of tissue typing to determine compatibility before an organ transplant

a)

plasma membrane

b)

nucleus

c)

cilia

d)

flagella

86.

internal living material of the cells

a)

cytoplasm

b)

ribosomes

c)

nucleoli

d)

centrioles

87.

synthesize proteins, lipids, and carbs

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

lysosomes

c)

centrioles

d)

ribosomes

88.

the cell's protein factory

a)

ribosomes

b)

mitochondria

c)

centrioles

d)

flagella

89.

powerhouses of the cell

a)

mitochondria

b)

centrioles

c)

cytoplasm

d)

plasma membrane

90.

digestive systems of a cell

a)

lysosomes

b)

ribosomes

c)

nucleus

d)

flagella

91.

synthesizes carbs with proteins and packages it as globules of glycoprotein

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

cilia

c)

lysosomes

d)

plasma membrane

92.

functions in cell reproduction

a)

centrioles

b)

flagella

c)

ribosomes

d)

mitochondria

93.

short, hair like extensions that propel things

a)

cilia

b)

flagella

c)

nucleus

d)

lysosomes

94.

tail of a sperm

a)

flagella

b)

cilia

c)

nucleoli

d)

golgi apparatus

95.

essential for Ribosome development

a)

nucleoli

b)

nucleus

c)

centrioles

d)

flagella

96.

organization of many similar cells that act together to perform a common function

a)

tissue

b)

organ

c)

system

97.

group of several different kinds of tissues arranged to perform a special function

a)

organ

b)

system

c)

tissue

98.

organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged to perform complex functions for the body

a)

system

b)

organ

c)

tissue

99.

C/O pain in the bladder is charted as c/o pain in which cavity?

a)

pelvic

b)

abdominal

c)

spinal

d)

cranial

100.

C/O gallbladder pain is charted as c/o pain in which cavity?

a)

abdominal

b)

pelvic

c)

cranial

d)

spinal

101.

The chest is ______ to the spine. The foot is _______ to the ankle.

(a)  

102.

The nurse assesses an arm from proximal to distal order. This means he/she assesses from the _____ to the ______.

(a)  

103.

the patient reports "I ran into the coffee table and bruised my shin". Which sample of documentation best reflects the nurses knowledge of anatomy and medical terminology?

a)

shin damage noted on right lower leg in the shin area

b)

patient reports running into coffee table in bruising shin

c)

moderate bruising noted on patients right leg just below the knee

d)

4 cm ecchymosis on mid interior of right tibia-fibula

104.

Which transport process allows water and solutes to move through the kidney to form urine?

a)

diffusion

b)

filtration

c)

osmosis

d)

ion pump

105.

a neglected infant sustained a superficial sunburn on the dorsal body surface. Which instructions would the nurse give to the unlicensed assistant Personnel.

a)

you will see a thin film of cream on the baby's perineal area

b)

eat if you see peeling or blistering on the front of the chest let me know

c)

use tepid water and gently wash the baby's back and pat dry

d)

the baby's face and the top of his head may appear red and flaky

106.

the nurse is checking a patient's peripheral pulses. Which pulse is the most distal in the lower extremities

a)

dorsalis pedis

b)

popliteal

c)

posterior tibial

d)

femoral

107.

which anatomic structure is in the medial portion of the chest?lungs

a)

lungs

b)

heart

c)

sternum

d)

clavicles

108.

which part of the cell has distinct surface proteins to play an important role in tissue typing to determine compatibility for organ transplant?

a)

protoplasm

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

plasma membrane

109.

One type of cell in the body relies on the action of the ion pump to move nearly all calcium ions to special compartments or out of the cell. Which body function is most affected by this process?

a)

muscle contraction

b)

digestion of food

c)

infection control measures

d)

secretion of hormones

110.

the healthcare provider tells the nurse that the patient has a hematopoietic disorder period which laboratory result would the nurse expect to see

a)

decreased potassium

b)

decreased red blood cell count

c)

increased glucose

d)

increased blood urea nitrogen

111.

for a patient with a history of splenectomy which topic is the nurse most likely to review to ensure that the patient has a good understanding of the self-care related to loss of the spleen

a)

blood glucose montoring

b)

dietary sources of fiber

c)

protection against infection

d)

fall prevention

112.

urinary the patient reports pain in the right upper abdomen just inferior to the ribs. Based on the nurses knowledge of anatomy which organ is most likely to be contributing to the patient's discomfort?

a)

small intestine

b)

spleen

c)

gallbladder

d)

cecum

113.

the nurse suspects that the patient has urinary retention and must assess the bladder distension. Which region of the patient's abdomen will the nurse palpate?

a)

umbilical region

b)

hypogastric region

c)

right hypochondriac region

d)

left iliac region

114.

the patient has a stomach ulcer. Based on knowledge of anatomy the nurse recognizes that the patient is likely to report pain or discomfort in which region of the abdomen?

a)

epigastric region

b)

right iliac region

c)

left lumbar region

d)

hypogastric region

115.

the patience diagnosed with appendicitis. The HCP orders ice to the abdomen pending emergency surgery. Where will the nurse place the prepared ice bag?

a)

left lower quadrant

b)

right lower quardrant

c)

left upper quadrant

d)

right upper quadrant

116.

in the case of Ball obstruction which condition is most likely to cause the first episodes of vomiting if the patient is consuming solid Food?

a)

distal large intestine obstruction

b)

proximal large intestine obstruction

c)

distal small intestine obstruction

d)

proximal small intestine obstruction

117.

the patient sustains injury to the epidermis. Which problem will the nurse anticipate and try to prevent?

a)

loss of strength

b)

decreased secretion of mucus

c)

loss of insulation

d)
Risk of infection
118.

the patient who is comatose displays continuous open mouth breathing which causes drying of the mucus membrane. What is the most important rationale for ensuring good oral hygiene for this patient?

a)

preserve patient's dignity

b)

lubricate food for digestion

c)

prevent respiratory infection

d)

maintain condition of teeth

119.

the patient tells the nurse that he has a history of bursitis. Which Focus assessment is the nurse most likely to perform that relates to the information?

a)

oscillate the bowel sounds and palpate the abdomen

b)

auscultate lung sounds and watch respiratory effort

c)

put joints through range of motion and ask about discomfort

d)

ask patient to balance on right leg and then on left leg

120.

The cell structures known as flagella are important for which body function?

a)

digestion

b)

circulation

c)

reproduction

d)

respiration

121.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
mitochondrion
d)
golgi apparatus
122.

Which patient is most likely to benefit from biofeedback as a self-care management technique?

a)

has difficulty communicating needs because of brain damage

b)

has an elevated temperature secondary to an infection

c)

has pain in the right lateral ankle during weight-bearing

d)

has occasional asthma attacks with labored respiration

123.

A frail older patient had a prolonged illness and now has minimal adipose tissue. Which member of the health care team would be best to help restore the reserve tissue?

a)

dietitian

b)

physical therapist

c)

nurse practitoner

d)

blood bank technician

124.

The patient is bedridden and needs assistance. Documentation with date and nurse's signature includes: 10:00 Assisted into a right lateral side-lying position; 12:00 Assisted into supine position; 14:00 Assisted into left lateral side-lying position. What is the best rationale for this type of documentation?

a)

documentation shows that needs were met and the goal was achieved

b)

documentation reflects actions taken to prevent complications of immobility

c)

Nurse is following standard documentation guidelines

d)

nurse is demonstrating a professional knowledge of terminology