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CS Fall Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the Internet?
a)
The protocols of the Internet are designed by government agencies to ensure they remain free to use.
b)
The protocols of the Internet are secret to maintain the privacy and security of people using them.
c)
Each device connected to the Internet will use a protocol designed by the company that manufactured it.
d)
The protocols of the Internet are open and used by all devices connected to the network.
2.
Jesse purchases a new smartphone and is immediately able to use it to send a photo over the Internet to a friend who lives in a different country. Which of the following is NOT necessary to make this possible?
a)
Both devices are using the same shared and open protocols.
b)
A single direct connection is established between any two devices connected to the Internet.
c)
The data of the image is routed through a sequence of directly connected devices before arriving at its destination.
d)
Both devices are directly connected to at least one part of the Internet.
3.
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. What is the MINIMUM number of paths that would need to be broken to prevent Computing Device A from connecting with Computing Device E?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
4.
This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection. Device A is attempting to send data over the Internet to Device E. Which of the following is true of how the data will travel through the network?
a)
The data will always travel through device B as it is the shortest path.
b)
The data will never be sent to device G since there are other shorter paths available.
c)
It is possible that the data travels through any of the devices in the network before arriving at device E.
d)
If the data travels through device D then it will not travel through device B.
5.
Which of the following is true of how the Internet has responded to the increasing number of devices now using the network?
a)
The Internet protocols are changed every year to adapt to the new devices that have been connected to the network.
b)
While the number of devices connected to the Internet has grown, the network itself has not grown.
c)
The protocols of the Internet were designed to scale as new devices are added.
d)
The protocols of the Internet are no longer necessary thanks to the large number of devices now connected to the network.
6.
Which of the following is true of how packets are sent through the Internet?
a)
Packet metadata is only included on important packets to indicate they should get access to faster paths through the network.
b)
Packet metadata is used to route and reassemble information traveling through the Internet.
c)
Information sent through the Internet is only encapsulated in packets if the message is too large to be sent as a datastream.
d)
Information sent through the internet is split into two packets, one which contains the message and another which contains the metadata.
7.
Emilee is watching an online video. The video is being sent to her laptop by a server over the Internet which splits the video into packets and sends them in the order they appear in the video. Which of the following is true about how the packets will arrive at her computer?
a)
The packets will always be received in the order that they were sent.
b)
Either every packet will reach her computer or none of them will.
c)
Packets that arrive out of order will be sent back to the server.
d)
The packets may arrive out of order.
8.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of an IP address?
a)
IP addresses provide a unique number for identifying devices that send and receive information on the Internet.
b)
IP addresses assist in the reconstruction of a message that has been divided into many packets.
c)
IP addresses indicate the location where an internet-connected computing device was manufactured.
d)
IP addresses indicate how many times an individual packet has been requested by a router.
9.
Which of the following Internet protocols is MOST important in reassembling packets and requesting missing packets to form complete messages?
a)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
b)
Internet Protocol (IP)
c)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
d)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
10.
Which of the following Internet protocols is used to request and send pages and files on the World Wide Web?
a)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
b)
Internet Protocol (IP)
c)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
d)
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
11.
Two devices are connected to the Internet and communicating with one another. A squirrel chews through one of the wires in the network that is currently being used by the devices to communicate. The network immediately begins using a different path through the network and communication continues as normal. This situation best exemplifies which principle?
a)
fault-tolerance
b)
scalability
c)
protocol
d)
pathing
12.
An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that builds the routers and wired connections that allow individuals to access the Internet. An ISP is considering adding additional redundant connections to its network. Which of the following best describes why the company would choose to do so?
a)
It costs less to design a network that is redundant.
b)
The protocols of the Internet only work on networks that are redundant.
c)
Redundant networks are more reliable.
d)
Adding additional connections reduces the fault-tolerance of the network.
13.
What number will be output by the console.log command on line 7?
a)
10
b)
100
c)
20
d)
200
14.
What number will be output by the console.log command on line 5?
a)
10
b)
11
c)
12
d)
13
e)
16
15.
What number will be output by the console.log command on line 5?
a)
10
b)
25
c)
30
d)
35
16.
What text will be output by the program?
a)
Less than 10
b)
Less than 20
c)
Less than 30
d)
30 or more
17.
What text will be output by the program?
a)
Output A
b)
Output B
c)
Output C
d)
Output D
e)
Output E
18.
What will be the order of letters printed to the console when this program is run?
a)
a b c
b)
a b c b c b c
c)
a b c b c
d)
a b c a
19.
"You win!" never displays. What change would fix this issue?
a)
Line 1 - change variable name to totalScore
b)
Line 3 - remove var
c)
Line 4 - change conditional to score >= 5
d)
Line 5 - change to a getText command
20.
When this function is called, the smaller of two numbers is displayed. What Boolean expression would not work in line 12 in order to accomplish this goal?
a)
num1 == num2
b)
num1 < num2 && num2 > num1
c)
num2 > num1
d)
num1 < num2
21.
This function chooses the screen to display based on the score. What is the correct way to call this function?
a)
CheckWin();
b)
checkWin();
c)
checkwin();
d)
check Win();
22.
There is repeated code in these onEvent blocks. Choose the correct code for the updateScreen() function which would be called in each of the onEvent blocks.
a)

b)

c)

d)

23.
A movie theater charges different ticket prices based on a customer's age. The prices are shown in the table below. The customer's age is stored in the variable age and the price is stored in the variable price. Which piece of code will correctly decide the price for each ticket.
a)

b)

c)

d)

24.
A museum charges different prices based on the day of the week and age of the visitor. The pricing rules are shown below. *On Tuesday and Thursday children 10 and under get in free ($ 0). *For all other days and ages the cost is ten dollars ($ 10). The visitor's age is stored in the variable age, the day of the week is stored in a variable day, and the price in dollars is stored in the variable price. Which piece of code will correctly decide the price for each ticket.
a)

b)

c)

d)

25.
What will the value of the variable bags be at the end of the flowchart shown here?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
26.
Choose the correct definition for Conditional Statement
a)
affects the sequential flow of control by executing different statements based on the value of a Boolean expression
b)
stores information as a number, String, or Boolean
c)
joins together two or more strings end-to-end to make a new string
d)
an ordered sequence of characters
27.
Which of the following is true of functions?
a)
Programs written with functions run more quickly
b)
Functions can help remove repeated code from a program
c)
Replacing repeated code with a function will reduce the number of commands the computer needs to run
d)
Functions are called once but can be declared many times
28.
Which of the below actions would usually be helpful in designing and developing an app?
a)
I and II only
b)
I and III only
c)
II and III only
d)
I, II, and III
29.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a design specification?
a)
Tracking errors that arise through user testing.
b)
Documenting comments that will need to be added to a program.
c)
Describing the requirements for how a program will work or users will interact with it.
d)
Listing detailed questions that will be asked of users during interviews.
30.
What will the “background-color” of the “topButton” be when the program is finished running?
a)
red
b)
orange
c)
blue
d)
green
31.
If the user does NOT click the button what color will “topButton” be when this program finishes running?
a)
red
b)
blue
c)
green
d)
orange
32.
The following program is run. Then the user clicks the "topButton" button ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?
a)
cat bird dog
b)
dog cat bird
c)
cat dog bird
d)
bird cat dog
33.
The following program is run. Then the user clicks the “bottomButton” ONCE and then clicks the “topButton” ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?
a)
cow pig chicken
b)
cow chicken pig
c)
pig cow chicken
d)
chicken pig cow
34.
The following program is run. Then the user clicks the “bottomButton” TWO TIMES. What will be displayed in the console?
a)
apple banana cherry cherry dragon fruit
b)
banana dragon fruit cherry cherry
c)
banana dragon fruit apple apple
d)
banana cherry cherry dragon fruit
35.
Which line of code in this program is MOST likely to result in an error?
a)
Line 1
b)
Line 2
c)
Line 3
d)
Line 4
36.
Which of the following BEST describes the differences between sequential and event-driven programming?
a)
In sequential programming, commands run one at a time. In event-driven programming all commands run at the same time.
b)
In sequential programming, commands run faster than in event-driven programming.
c)
In sequential programming, each command is run many times in sequence. In event-driven programming, all commands are run a single time as an event.
d)
In sequential programming, commands run in the order they are written. In event-driven programming, some commands run in response to user interactions or other events.
37.
Which of the following is NOT a reason to include comments in programs?
a)
Comments help the computer decide whether certain components of a program are important.
b)
Comments help programmers debug issues in their own code.
c)
Comments help document how code was written for other programmers to use.
d)
Comments enable programmers to track their work throughout the development process.
38.

Which of the following best describes how computing devices represent information?

a)

A computer will either represent information as bits or bytes but not both

b)

A computer represents data as a byte which is either a 0 or a 1

c)

A computer represents data as bits which is either a 0 or a 1

d)

A computer represents information as bits which contain 8 bytes.

39.

Which of the following is NOT true of how computers represent complex information?

a)

Computing devices use patterns of bits to represent complex information

b)

Abstraction helps represent complex information by surfacing complexity that might otherwise be hidden

c)

Depending on context the same sequence of bits may represent different types of information

d)

Common abstractions that are represented by computing devices include numbers, characters, and color.

40.

When visiting a museum Lian takes a photo of a painting with a smartphone which stores the photo as an image file. Which of the following best describes the differences between the painting itself and the photo of the painting stored on the smartphone?

a)

Both the painting and the photo are analog

b)

The photo is a digital representation of the analog painting

c)

Sampling can be used to determine whether the analog image is an accurate representation of the painting

d)

The phone can represent the photo in either digital or analog formats depending on the sampling technique that is used

Answer

41.

Your computer uses 4 bits to represent decimal numbers (0, 1, 2, 3 and so on) in binary. What is the SMALLEST number for which an overflow error occur?

a)

14

b)

15

c)

16

d)

17

42.


Which of the following is true of how computers represent numbers?

a)

Using a fixed but large number of bits can eliminate the possibility of round off error when representing numbers in binary.

b)

With a fixed number of bits some numbers are too large to represent in a computer which will lead to overflow errors.

c)

Using a fixed but large number of bits, for example 128, eliminates the possibility of overflow errors.

d)

With a large but fixed number of bits it is possible to eliminate either round-off errors or overflow errors, but not both.

43.

Convert the binary (base-2) number 1001 to decimal (base-10).

a)

9

b)

10

c)

16

d)

17

44.

Convert the decimal (base-10) number 20 to binary (base-2).

a)

10010

b)

00101

c)

11000

d)

10100

45.

Which of the following binary (base-2) numbers is LARGEST?

a)

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

b)

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

c)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

d)

1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1

46.

How many total numbers can be represented with an 8-bit binary (base-2) system?

a)

127

b)

128

c)

255

d)

256

47.

Which of the following is true of lossy and lossless compression algorithms?

a)

Lossy compression algorithms are used when perfect reconstruction of the original data is important.

b)

Lossy compression algorithms are typically better than lossless compression algorithms at reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of data.

c)

Lossless compression algorithms are only used to compress text data.

d)

Lossless compression algorithms only allow for an approximate reconstruction of the original data.

48.

Jorge is sending a large image file to a friend as part of a shared classroom project. Which of the following is most likely true if Jorge opts to compress the image before sending it?

a)

The image can no longer be represented using bits.

b)

The image will have been converted into an analog form.

c)

The image will require more pixels to display it on the screen.

d)

The image will require fewer bits in order to be represented.

49.

Which of the following is true of intellectual property?

a)

Information created on a computer is not owned by anyone since only analog information is protected under copyright law.

b)

You do not need to cite work created by someone else if both the original work and your use of it are in digital form.

c)

Creative Commons enables content creators to freely distribute their otherwise copyrighted work.

d)

Creative Commons has severely hindered broad and open access to digital information

50.

Lucy is completing a project as part of a science class using materials she found online. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to lead to legal consequences?

a)

Modifying a piece of open source software.

b)

Using open access research for which she does not acquire a license.

c)

Failing to publish her work under a Creative Commons license.

d)

Using images posted online by another student without permission or citation.

51.


Ryan is designing an app that needs to quickly send low quality photos between users. Most smartphones take much higher quality photos than Ryan needs for his app. Which answer best describes the type of compression Ryan should choose and why?

a)

Lossless compression since it ensures perfect reconstruction of the photo.

b)

Lossy compression since it ensures perfect reconstruction of the photo.

c)

Lossless compression since it typically results in smaller data sizes.

d)

Lossy compression since it typically results in smaller data sizes.

52.


Arman takes a picture with his smartphone which he subsequently posts online. Beatrice finds the picture online and posts a copy of it on her website with an attached Creative Commons license. Which of the following best describes who owns the photo?

a)

Beatrice owns the photo because only holders of a Creative Commons license can own works online.

b)

Arman owns the photo because he was the original creator and did not license the work.

c)

Arman owns the photo because it was granted a Creative Commons license by another person online.

d)

Both own the photo because creating a copy makes it her intellectual property.

53.


A photographer stores digital photographs on her computer. In this case the photographs are considered the data. Each photograph also includes multiple pieces of metadata (see picture).

Which of the following could the photographer NOT do based on this metadata?

a)

Filter photos to those taken in the last week

b)

Filter photos to those taken in a particular country

c)

Filter photos to those taken of buildings

d)

Filter photos to those taken with her favorite camera

54.

Due to a computer error, the Time metadata for all of the photographs is accidentally set to the same time of day. The other pieces of metadata and the data itself are not affected by the error. Which of the following is MOST likely to be the result of this problem?

a)

The photographer will not be able to view any of the images

b)

The photographer will not be able to sort images by the date they were taken

c)

The photographer will not be able to filter to photographs taken in the morning

d)

The photographer will not be able to find images taken on the same date

55.

A school is conducting a survey of students to learn more about how they get to school. Students were asked how they travel to school, how long it takes them to get to school, what time they arrive at school, and for a description of their most significant challenges when traveling to school. Several rows of the data collected are shown in the table attached (see picture).

Which column is data that will likely be most difficult to visualize or analyze?

a)

How Travel

b)

How Long

c)

Time Arrive

d)

Biggest Challenges

56.

A school is conducting a survey of students to learn more about how they get to school. Students were asked how they travel to school, how long it takes them to get to school, what time they arrive at school, and for a description of their most significant challenges when traveling to school. Several rows of the data collected are shown in the table attached (see picture).

Which column of data (see picture) might be able to be visualized or analyzed but first would need to be cleaned?

a)

How Travel

b)

How Long

c)

Time Arrive

d)

Biggest Challenges

57.

A school is conducting a survey of students to learn more about how they get to school. Students were asked how they travel to school, how long it takes them to get to school, what time they arrive at school, and for a description of their most significant challenges when traveling to school. Several rows of the data collected are shown in the table attached (see picture).

Which information could likely NOT be found with the data collected (see picture)?

a)

Whether students who are new to the school take longer to get to school than other students

b)

The average time it takes students to get to school

c)

The most common travel mode students use to get to school

d)

Whether students who arrive to school later take longer to get to school

58.

The chart in the picture shows the frequency of searches for the words "pencil" and "pen" over a 5 year period.

Which of the following is the best interpretation of the chart above?

a)

Pens are a better writing tool than pencils

b)

More people use pens than pencils

c)

The number of pens sold has increased slowly over time

d)

At any point in time there are typically more people searching for the word "pen" than "pencil"

59.

The mayor of a city is interested in learning what goals are most important for residents of the city. Members of her staff visit one of the many neighborhoods in the city and ask 20 residents to fill out a survey. The mayor is concerned that the survey may be biased and not accurately reflect the overall interests in her town. Which of the following strategies is MOST likely to address concerns about the data being biased or inaccurate?

a)

Finding the same people surveyed previously to ask more detailed questions.

b)

Visiting the same neighborhood to collect more survey responses

c)

Visiting multiple new neighborhoods to collect more survey responses

d)

Having her staff collect the data using an app rather than paper surveys

60.

The chart in the picture has a single point for every breed of dog. Each point indicates the maximum weight of that breed and the maximum number of years that breed of dog lives to.

Which of the following conclusions is BEST supported by the scatter plot?

a)

Dog breeds with a higher maximum weight tend to have shorter maximum lifespans

b)

Dog breeds with a higher maximum weight tend to have longer maximum lifespans

c)

All dog breeds tend to have the same average lifespan

d)

Older dogs weigh more than younger dogs

61.

The chart in the picture has a single point for every breed of dog. Each point indicates the maximum weight of that breed and the maximum number of years that breed of dog lives to.

Which of the following conclusions is BEST supported by the scatter plot?

a)

Most dogs breeds have a maximum weight of 100 lbs or more

b)

Most dog breeds have a maximum life span of 10 or fewer years

c)

All dog breeds that weigh less than 50 pounds have a maximum lifespan of more than 10 years

d)

No dog breeds that weigh more than 150 pounds are expected to live more than 10 years.

62.


The histogram chart in the picture has a single bar for every state in the United States. Each state is placed in a bucket, or range, based on its area in square miles.

Which of the following conclusions is BEST supported by the histogram chart?

a)

More than half of all states are larger than 100,000 square miles

b)

More than half of all states are smaller than 50,000 square miles

c)

Some states are larger than 200,000 square miles

d)

The most common size of states is between 50,000 and 100,000 square miles

63.

A bank is developing an algorithm that will help them decide who to make loans to. As input the algorithm will consider information about the person applying for the loan and the amount of money requested, and as output the algorithm will decide whether the bank should give that loan.

The bank intends to develop the algorithm using machine learning techniques. The algorithm will be trained using data from past loan decisions made by human bankers.

Which of the following best describes whether this algorithm will include bias?

a)

The algorithm will not be biased because using machine learning eliminates human biases

b)

While the algorithm may be biased, the eventual decision made by the algorithm will not be

c)

The algorithm will likely reflect the human biases in the data used to train it

d)

Machine learning algorithms cannot be developed using biased data so if there is bias in the data it will be impossible to develop the algorithm

64.

A restaurant is interested in learning about the food preferences of people living nearby to the restaurant and intends to use survey data to help decide which new items to add to the menu. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be part of the process used to analyze the data?

a)

Cleaning a data visualization to remove unwanted patterns

b)

Iteratively creating visualizations to ask and answer new questions

c)

Cleaning data to remove inconsistencies

d)

Filtering the data to look at the responses from only certain groups

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