Worksheets2025 ES Fall Final
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Who are Latinos?
People living in Spanish provinces across Europe
People with roots in Latin America
Individuals raised in multilingual island nations
Citizens of any modern Catholic-majority country
What regions form Latin America?
Iberian Europe, northern South America, and Mexico
Mexico, southern Europe, and Caribbean colonies
Central America, South America, Caribbean islands
South America, Spain, and Atlantic islands
Who are Hispanics?
Families descended from Roman settlers
Caribbean trade communities
People from Spanish-speaking countries
Catholic missionary groups
Why aren’t Brazilians considered Hispanic?
Migration differences
Indigenous kingdoms
They speak Portuguese, not Spanish
African cultural systems
What language is spoken in Brazil?
French
Italian
Portuguese
Basque
True or false: People from Spain are Latino.
True
False
What does “linguistic” mean?
Cultural celebrations
National borders
Language or speech
Family ancestry
Why is Spanish widely spoken in Latin America?
Trade promotion
Indigenous requests
Spanish colonial rule
Missionary replacement
The term “Latina/Latino” traces back to what country?
Portugal
Italy
France
Spain
What language shaped the root term “Latino”?
Greek
Old Italian
Latin
Catalan
Languages based on Latin are called what?
Germanic
Indigenous
Romance
Classical
Who are Chicanos?
Migrants in border towns
Mexican Americans living in the U.S.
Caribbean–Central American families
Spaniards in western states
What is a mestizo?
Multilingual speaker
European mountain resident
Indigenous and European ancestry
Dual-nation family
When was the Mexican-American War?
Early 1820s
1846–1848
Mid-1860s
Early 1900s
What areas were part of northern Mexico before the war?
New England
Upper Midwest
California, Texas, and the Southwest
Gulf Coast
What U.S. idea encouraged expansion into Mexican territory?
Industrial growth
Manifest Destiny
Federalism
Market Revolution
What event ended Mexico’s ability to keep fighting?
Shipping loss
Border fort destruction
Capture of Mexico City
European withdrawal
What treaty officially ended the war?
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Treaty of Tordesillas
Treaty of Paris
What states came from land Mexico lost?
Florida and Georgia
Illinois and Indiana
CA, NV, UT, AZ, NM
Oregon and Washington
What are Spanish-speaking neighborhoods called?
Communal districts
Barrios
Civic regions
Heritage zones
What type of art is Mexico famous for?
Classical sculpture
Digital installations
Murals
Watercolors
What cars are iconic in Chicano culture?
Racing cars
Antiques
Lowriders
Off-road vehicles
What does Día de los Muertos honor?
Harvest traditions
Loved ones who passed away
Independence leaders
Spring festivals
What music is central to Mexican celebrations?
Reggae
Mariachi
Tango
Electronic
Lowrider culture has spread to many…
Academic programs
Business groups
Ethnic communities
Government offices
What is gentrification?
Wealth leaving cities
Wealthier residents reshaping neighborhoods
Public housing expansion
Factory relocation
What stands out at lowrider gatherings?
Competitive racing
Strict rules
Family-oriented celebrations
Political rallies
Why did the U.S. bring in Mexican laborers during WWII?
Tourism growth
Office expansion
Wartime labor shortages
Trade routes
What did the Bracero Program promise workers?
Land ownership
Free college
Fair wages and protections
Citizenship
What problem did Braceros face in reality?
Excess pay
Strong oversight
Broken promises
No job access
What early activism did Braceros use?
Political campaigns
Boycotts
Walkouts and complaints
Tariff protests
What lesson did the Bracero era teach?
Patience
Individual effort
Contracts always protect
Unity matters
What issues did Latino students face in the 1960s?
Too many programs
Math pressure
Overcrowding and low expectations
Frequent updates
What event drew national attention to Chicano activism?
Teacher cancellations
Testing reforms
East LA walkouts
Televised debates
What expression was part of the Chicano Movement?
Mining festivals
Asian performance groups
Brown Berets and Yo Soy Joaquin
Country concerts
What political goal did La Raza Unida pursue?
Closing schools
Ending elections
Increasing Latino representation
Removing bilingual programs
What injustice led to Lau v. Nichols?
Homework increases
Activity restrictions
English-only instruction
Bilingual bans
What did the Supreme Court decide in Lau v. Nichols?
End bilingual programs
Schools must act when students can’t understand
Place students by fluency only
No support required
What changes followed the Lau ruling?
More holidays
Longer recess
ESL programs and bilingual teachers
Dress codes
What theme connects the movements studied?
Federal control
Limited impact
Activism expanded rights
Community powerlessness
Why were undocumented workers vulnerable?
Equipment limits
Pay delays
Risk of firing or deportation
Market denial
What was the goal of the Day Without Immigrants?
Scholarships
Multilingual ballots
Show economic dependence
Travel reform
What happened on the Day Without Immigrants?
Town halls
Continued work
Labor and spending withheld
School rallies
Who are DREAMers?
College graduates
Study-abroad youth
Young people brought without legal status
Temporary visa workers
What discovery do many DREAMers face as teens?
Visa renewal
Club limits
No legal work or driving
Relocation
What did DACA provide?
Citizenship
Free college
Deportation protection and work permits
Travel rights
Why was DACA only a partial victory?
Volunteer hours
Border limits
It could be ended by any president
Urban-only
What long-term goal grew from DREAMer activism?
Student councils
Youth sports
Political power for protections
Voter limits
What has resulted from Latino voting activism?
Fewer polling places
Federal limits
Increased voter turnout
Mandatory ballots
Which crops formed the “Three Sisters” that sustained many Native American communities?
Potatoes, beans, and rice
Corn, beans, and squash
Peas, barley, and turnips
Wheat, oats, and rye
What law forced Native nations east of the Mississippi to move to new lands in the 1830s?
The Dawes Act of 1887
The Treaty of Paris of 1763
The Indian Removal Act of 1830
The Homestead Act of 1862
Which statement best describes the goal of U.S. boarding schools for Native children?
Preserve tribal language and ceremony
Train Native youth as tribal leaders
Encourage exchange between tribes
Erase Native culture and teach European customs
What was the main reason Plains tribes built portable tipis?
To resist attacks from enemies
To store extra food and goods
To follow herds of migrating buffalo
To shelter during seasonal storms
What phrase reflected the goal of assimilation during the U.S. boarding-school era?
“Kill the Indian, save the man.”
“Honor the child, honor the tribe.”
“Preserve Native tradition forever.”
“Revive culture through unity.”
What concept describes needs shared by all human societies?
Tribal values
Cultural universals
Social mobility
Group identity
What was the main issue protested by the Standing Rock movement in 2016?
Federal education reform
Border limits between tribes
Oil pipeline threatening water and sacred land
Hunting and fishing restrictions
What term describes areas where people share traditions, foods, and lifestyles?
Migration paths
Cultural regions
Trade routes
Tribal territories
What was the main factor shaping different Native cultures across North America?
Population size and growth
Geography and environment
Trade with foreign powers
Shared belief systems
Which region’s tribes used salmon-rich rivers and cedar forests for stable villages?
Great Plains
Pacific Northwest
Eastern Woodlands
Desert Southwest
Why were horses transformative for Plains tribes?
They replaced farm labor completely
They reduced buffalo numbers
They increased travel speed and hunting range
They disrupted trade routes
Which law in 1934 aimed to restore Native self-government and cultural renewal?
The Indian Reorganization Act
The Homestead Act
The Dawes Act
The Removal Act
Which Native group lived in the Arctic and hunted seals and whales?
The Crow Nation
The Hopi People
The Apache Tribe
The Inuit Hunters
What was the main result of the Trail of Tears?
Expansion of western trade routes
Death and displacement of Cherokee families
Creation of unified tribal councils
New treaties with settlers
Which confederacy united tribes in the Northeast for peace and law?
The Iroquois Confederacy
The Algonquin Alliance
The Woodland League
The Great Plains Council
What system granted Spanish colonists control of Native labor in exchange for “protection”?
Encomienda system
Mercantile charter
Mission contract
Feudal grant
What phrase best summarizes the long-term Native experience since contact?
Isolation and surrender
Dependence and relocation
Resistance and adaptation
War and extinction
What development allowed ancient peoples to settle permanently rather than migrate?
Trade routes
Herding animals
Agriculture
Metal tools
Which phrase captured the message of modern Native activists for land protection?
Power to the Land
“Water is Life”
One Nation, One River
Honor Our Ancestors
Which law divided reservations and sold “surplus” land to settlers?
The Homestead Act
The Dawes Act
The Removal Act
The Citizenship Act
What was the main goal of Spanish missions in the Southwest?
Protect Native territory
Train military leaders
Convert Native peoples to Christianity
Encourage migration to Europe
Which agricultural innovation helped the Pueblo thrive in dry deserts?
Clay homes and irrigation canals
Stone terraces and rock walls
Wooden lodges and deep wells
Nomadic herding routes
What phrase describes the lowest level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
Safety and shelter
Esteem and respect
Physiological needs
Belonging and love
Which movement of the 1960s–70s used protests to demand Native rights?
The American Indian Movement (AIM)
The Rural Development Council
The Tribal Unification Front
The Labor Reform League
What was one lasting impact of the boarding-school era?
Loss of Native languages and traditions
Population growth
Expansion of farming
Increased funding
Which modern debate reflects respect vs. tradition conflict in schools?
Dress codes
Technology access
Native mascots
Athletic funding
What emotion best describes boarding-school experiences for many Native children?
Fear and homesickness
Joy and excitement
Calm and security
Pride and hope
What phrase defines “resistance” in Native history?
Isolating from society
Migration for peace
Standing against oppression and injustice
Accepting government policy
What does the name “Apsáalooke” mean for the Crow Nation?
Warriors of the Wind
Peaceful People
Children of the Large-Beaked Bird
Keepers of the Plains
Which 1830s president led Indian-removal efforts in the Southeast?
John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson
James Madison
Thomas Jefferson
Which term refers to the Ice Age land bridge between Asia and North America?
Beringia
The Frozen Route
The Northern Passage
The Ice Crossing
Which explorer enslaved the Taíno people in the Caribbean?
Balboa
Columbus
What best defines “adaptation” in Native history?
Isolating from others
Adjusting to survive while preserving identity
Abandoning traditions
Total conversion
Why did some tribes ally with European powers?
Travel to Europe
Protection from rivals
Spread Christianity
Acquire farming tools
What year did the Trail of Tears begin?
1838
1890
1812
1861
What does “Kill the Indian, save the man” mean historically?
Promote equal education
Encourage diversity
Erase Native identity through forced assimilation
Protect Native traditions
Which organization formed in 1968 to demand Native rights and sovereignty?
The Civil Rights League
The Urban Council
The Cultural Association
The American Indian Movement (AIM)
What phrase captured AIM’s message during the Alcatraz occupation?
“Join or Die.”
“Peace through Conversion.”
“End Tribal Law.”
“We are still here — and we will be heard.”
Why is studying multiple perspectives important in history?
Divide students
Repeat viewpoints
Avoid the danger of a single story
Weaken understanding
What term describes history passed down through spoken word?
Written record
Symbolic artwork
Artistic inscription
Oral tradition
What does tribal sovereignty mean for Native communities today?
Right to self-govern independent of states
Federal ownership of land
Equal taxation
Shared county rule
What phrase defines the goal of Truth and Reconciliation programs?
Expand settler documentation
Create new holidays
Confront and heal boarding-school abuses
Collect tax records
Which farming practice helped Pueblo peoples store water in dry areas?
Clay canals and irrigation ditches
Sand filters and wells
Wooden reservoirs
Stone levees
Why was regaining control of tribal education important?
Teach Native language and culture
End public schooling
Limit non-Native access
Reduce higher education
What is the purpose of tribal colleges today?
Isolate Native students
Educate leaders rooted in Native identity
Replace state universities
Focus on sports
How does social media support modern Native activism?
Amplifies Native voices
Spreads stereotypes
Reduces communication
Blocks information
What phrase summarizes Native relationships to nature?
Respect and balance with the environment
Profit and growth
Individual ownership
Human dominance
What is culture?
Shared beliefs, values, customs, language, and arts of a group
A scientific discovery
Only food and music
Clothing styles in one society
What is diversity?
A law about equal pay
The variety of different people, cultures, and ideas in one place
A single culture practiced everywhere
One way of thinking
What is a tradition?
A custom, belief, or activity handed down through time
A type of sport
A new modern habit
A law passed by government
What is heritage?
A personal opinion
A type of school
Traditions and culture passed down from past generations
A person’s job
What is perspective?
A point of view or way of understanding the world
A type of clothing
A traditional story
A holiday or festival
What is identity?
A type of law
The way you see yourself, including your culture, values, and experiences
A person’s country of birth only
Your favorite sports team
What is race?
A cultural celebration
The shared beliefs of a community
Traditions passed down from family
Grouping people based on physical features like skin color
What is ethnicity?
Group of people who share a common culture, language, history, or homeland
The way someone dresses
A form of government
A person’s career choice
What is one goal of Ethnic Studies?
To remove cultural traditions from history
To prove one culture is better than another
To limit discussion to one group’s perspective
To build empathy, respect, and appreciation for human connections
Why does the course highlight Native American, African American, Latino, and Asian American voices?
Because they are often left out of US History
Because they all share the same traditions
Because they are newer groups in history
Because they are the only cultures that exist
Which message best fits the theme of 'I Am Not Black, You Are Not White'?
Culture prevents people from connecting
Every group must stay separate to preserve identity
Labels make us stronger than unity
Humans share more in common than what divides us
Which of the following best explains the importance of cultural universals?
They only apply to ancient societies
They help humans meet shared needs and connect across cultures
They replace all cultural differences
They are laws that never change
Which of the following is NOT a cultural universal?
Birth and death rituals
Cell phone brands
Celebrations and festivals
Rules and laws
Which of the following are cultural universals? (Select all that apply)
Language and communication
Learning and education
Sports and games
Which of the following are cultural universals? (Select all that apply)
Food and eating practices
Family structures
Funerals
Why do cultural universals exist in all societies?
Because governments enforce them
Because humans everywhere share basic needs
Because only wealthy societies create them
Because religion requires them
What is chain migration?
When individuals follow family or friends who have moved
A type of forced migration
Gradually moving in steps
Moving due to political chains
What is step migration?
Gradually moving in stages, like rural → town → city
Moving multiple steps down a career ladder
Forced deportation in steps
When individuals follow friends or family who moved
What is forced migration?
When individuals follow family or friends who moved
Choosing to move for better opportunities
Gradually moving from rural to urban areas
Being made to leave due to danger or threats
What is a pull factor in migration?
An opportunity that attracts people to a new place
A condition that forces people to leave
A law that prevents migration
A natural disaster
What is a push factor in migration?
A government program helping people move
An attractive feature of a new location
A condition that drives people to leave their home
A family tradition of traveling
Together, push and pull factors help explain...
The main reasons people migrate
How natural disasters happen
Why people stay in their home country
Why governments restrict migration
Which of the following are examples of pull factors? (Select all that apply)
Crop failure
Better schools
Religious freedom
Job opportunities
Which of the following are examples of push factors? (Select all that apply)
Safer neighborhoods
War
Famine
Lack of jobs
Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (from most basic to highest)?
Self-Actualization → Esteem → Belonging & Love → Safety → Basic Needs
Safety → Belonging & Love → Basic Needs → Self-Actualization → Esteem
Basic Needs → Safety → Belonging & Love → Esteem → Self-Actualization
Belonging & Love → Esteem → Basic Needs → Self-Actualization → Safety
Which does Esteem Needs include?
Food and sleep
Respect and achievement
Belonging to a family
Physical safety
Which of the following is the highest level in Maslow’s Hierarchy?
Belonging & Love
Safety Needs
Self-Actualization
Esteem Needs
Which is an example of a basic physiological need?
Food and water
Creativity
Feeling valued
Respect
