wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

NEW

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Lectur 7

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues is mainly composed of:

a)

Phospholipids

b)

Collagens, elastin, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins

c)

Tubulin and actin

d)

DNA and histones

2.

Collagen provides:

a)

Elasticity

b)

Tensile strength

c)

Flexibility only

d)

None of the above

3.

The main cell type producing collagen in connective tissue is:

a)

Osteoblasts

b)

Fibroblasts

c)

Keratinocytes

d)

Chondrocytes

4.

Incorrect collagen assembly can cause:

a)

Hyperextensible skin

b)

Osteoporosis

c)

Parkinson’s disease

d)

Alzheimer’s disease

5.

In tendons, collagen is organized as:

a)

Basket weave

b)

Parallel bundles

c)

Random coils

d)

Hollow fibers

6.

Integrins connect:

a)

ECM to ECM

b)

ECM to cytoskeleton

c)

Cytosol to nucleus

d)

Mitochondria to ER

7.

Integrins switch to active conformation when:

a)

Bound to ligands on both sides of membrane

b)

Hydrolyzing ATP

c)

Cleaved by proteases

d)

Inactive

8.

Proteoglycans in ECM function mainly to:

a)

Resist compression by binding water

b)

Provide tensile strength

c)

Generate ATP

d)

Anchor cells

9.

The majority of differentiated animal cell types are organized into:

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelia

c)

Connective tissues

d)

Neurons

10.

Epithelial sheets rest on:

a)

Sarcomere

b)

Basal lamina

c)

Actin filaments

d)

Gap junctions

11.

Epithelial cells are:

a)

Non-polarized

b)

Functionally polarized

c)

Randomly oriented

d)

None of the above

12.

Tight junctions function to:

a)

Link intermediate filaments

b)

Prevent leakage and maintain polarity

c)

Provide tensile strength

d)

Transmit electrical signals

13.

Desmosomes link:

a)

Actin filaments of adjacent cells

b)

Keratin intermediate filaments of adjacent cells

c)

Microtubules of adjacent cells

d)

ECM glycoproteins

14.

Hemidesmosomes link:

a)

Keratin filaments to basal lamina

b)

Actin filaments to ECM

c)

Tubulin filaments to cytosol

d)

Desmosomes to gap junctions

15.

Gap junctions allow passage of:

a)

Large proteins

b)

DNA

c)

Inorganic ions and small molecules

d)

Collagen

16.

Intestinal lining cells renew every:

a)

3–6 days

b)

120 days

c)

10 years

d)

Lifetime

17.

Red blood cells live about:

a)

3–6 days

b)

120 days

c)

10 years

d)

Lifetime

18.

Nervous tissue renewal occurs:

a)

Every 3 days

b)

Every 120 days

c)

Every 10 years

d)

Rarely or never

19.

Stem cells generate terminally differentiated cells via:

a)

Direct conversion only

b)

Proliferating precursor cells

c)

Cell fusion

d)

Protein synthesis

20.

Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to:

a)

Only RBCs

b)

All mature blood cell types

c)

Only WBCs

d)

Only platelets

21.

Signals maintaining stem cell populations come from:

a)

Stem cells themselves

b)

Differentiating progeny

c)

Neighboring cells

d)

All of the above

22.

iPS cells are:

a)

Embryo-derived only

b)

Adult cells reprogrammed to pluripotency

c)

Fibroblasts without nucleus

d)

Keratinocytes with mutations

23.

Organoids from pluripotent stem cells are used to:

a)

Produce energy

b)

Model organ development and disease in vitro

c)

Replace collagen

d)

Produce oxygen

24.

Cancer is essentially a breakdown of:

a)

Protein synthesis

b)

Tissue renewal and control of proliferation

c)

ATP production

d)

Ion balance

25.

Benign tumors differ from malignant because they:

a)

Invade surrounding tissues

b)

Do not invade and remain localized

c)

Cause metastasis

d)

Spread via blood

26.

Metastasis is when:

a)

Cells die by apoptosis

b)

Tumor cells colonize distant organs

c)

Tumor cells remain at origin

d)

DNA repair fails

27.

Cancer cells typically show:

a)

Dependence on external signals

b)

Unlimited proliferation and reduced apoptosis

c)

High genome stability

d)

Inability to migrate

28.

Oncogenes are:

a)

Normal genes

b)

Mutated forms of proto-oncogenes that drive proliferation

c)

Genes that suppress tumors

d)

DNA repair enzymes

29.

Tumor suppressor genes function to:

a)

Promote uncontrolled proliferation

b)

Restrict cell cycle and repair DNA damage

c)

Increase angiogenesis

d)

Activate oncogenes

30.

Colorectal cancer illustrates:

a)

How loss of a tumor suppressor can drive cancer

b)

A role of hyperactive mitochondria

c)

Errors in collagen secretion

d)

Gain of function in integrins

31.

Fibroblasts influence collagen fiber alignment by:

a)

Digesting collagen

b)

Crawling on collagen and pulling it

c)

Expressing keratin filaments

d)

Forming desmosomes

32.

ECM “catch-and-release” migration involves:

a)

SNAREs

b)

Integrins

c)

Actin only

d)

Tubulin

33.

Which ECM component provides compression resistance?

a)

Collagen

b)

Elastin

c)

Proteoglycans

d)

Fibronectin

34.

Laminin is mainly found in:

a)

Basal lamina

b)

Actin cortex

c)

Intermediate filaments

d)

Nucleus

35.

Which type of epithelial junction forms adhesion belts?

a)

Tight junctions

b)

Adherens junctions

c)

Desmosomes

d)

Hemidesmosomes

36.

Which cancer hallmark involves increased glucose uptake?

a)

Angiogenesis

b)

Warburg effect

c)

Oncogene addiction

d)

Integrin activation

37.

Genetic instability in cancer promotes:

a)

Reduced mutation rate

b)

Accumulation of mutations and heterogeneity

c)

Enhanced DNA repair

d)

Stable genomes

38.

Tumor microenvironment can be modified by cancer cells to:

a)

Suppress immune responses

b)

Promote angiogenesis

c)

Recruit fibroblasts

d)

All of the above

39.

Preventable cancer causes identified by epidemiology include:

a)

Smoking and UV exposure

b)

Random mutations only

c)

Oxygen deprivation

d)

None

40.

Which is a modern therapeutic approach informed by cancer cell biology?

a)

Non-specific chemotherapy only

b)

Targeted therapies and immunotherapies

c)

Diet only

d)

Exercise