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Software Project Management_Unit-1_ Quiz

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Software is best defined as

a)

A physical device

b)

A set of programs and related data

c)

A computer system

d)

A hardware component

2.

Software Project Management mainly focuses on

a)

Coding only

b)

Hardware procurement

c)

Planning, organizing, monitoring, and controlling software projects

d)

User training

3.

Conventional Software Management was mainly followed during

a)

1950s–1960s

b)

1960s–1980s

c)

1990s–2000s

d)

After 2010

4.

A key assumption of conventional software management is that

a)

Software development is unpredictable

b)

Software development is like manufacturing

c)

Changes are encouraged

d)

Requirements evolve continuously

5.

The Waterfall Model is characterized by

a)

Parallel development

b)

Iterative cycles

c)

Strict sequential phases

d)

Continuous deployment

6.

In the Waterfall Model, the output of one phase becomes

a)

The final product

b)

The input to the next phase

c)

Obsolete data

d)

Test cases

7.

A major drawback of the Waterfall Model is

a)

High flexibility

b)

Early risk resolution

c)

Difficulty in accommodating changes

d)

Rapid delivery

8.

Late Risk Resolution means risks are handled

a)

During requirements

b)

During design

c)

Early in the project

d)

At the end of the project

9.

Requirements-driven functional decomposition results in

a)

Flexible design

b)

Poor modularity

c)

Reusable components

d)

Agile systems

10.

Adversarial stakeholder relationships mainly occur due to

a)

Collaboration

b)

Clear communication

c)

Blame culture

d)

Agile practices

11.

Conventional software management emphasizes more on

a)

Working software

b)

Documentation and reviews

c)

User feedback

d)

Automation

12.

Conventional software management performance is measured using

a)

Social metrics

b)

Industrial metrics

c)

Marketing metrics

d)

AI metrics

13.

According to Boehm, fixing a defect after delivery costs

a)

Same as fixing during design

b)

2× more

c)

10× more

d)

100× more

14.

Schedule compression in conventional projects is limited to about

a)

10%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

15.

Maintenance cost compared to development cost is approximately

a)

Equal

b)

Half

c)

Double

d)

One-fourth

16.

Software cost increases mainly with

a)

Hardware speed

b)

Source Lines of Code (SLOC)

c)

Number of meetings

d)

Testing tools

17.

The most significant factor affecting productivity is

a)

Tools

b)

Technology

c)

People

d)

Budget

18.

Programming effort accounts for roughly

a)

5%

b)

15%

c)

40%

d)

60%

19.

Walkthroughs are effective in detecting about

a)

20% of errors

b)

40% of errors

c)

60% of errors

d)

90% of errors

20.

The 80–20 rule implies

a)

80% effort gives 20% results

b)

20% effort gives 80% results

c)

Equal effort and results

d)

Random productivity

21.

Software economics studies the relationship between cost and

a)

Hardware only

b)

People, process, size, and quality

c)

Marketing strategy

d)

Network speed

22.

Which is NOT a basic software economics parameter?

a)

Size

b)

Personnel

c)

Weather conditions

d)

Process

23.

The Conventional Era of software development belongs to

a)

1940s–1950s

b)

1960s–1970s

c)

1980s–1990s

d)

2000+

24.

The Transition Era introduced

a)

Waterfall model

b)

Late testing

c)

Spiral model

d)

DevOps

25.

Modern software practices emphasize

a)

Late ROI

b)

Continuous integration

c)

Fixed requirements

d)

Waterfall model

26.

Diseconomies of scale occur when:

a)

Small projects grow cheaper

b)

Cost grows slower than size

c)

Cost grows faster than size

d)

Team size decreases

27.

Pragmatic cost estimation focuses on:

a)

Theoretical values

b)

Practical and realistic estimates

c)

Guesswork

d)

Vendor claims

28.

COCOMO stands for:

a)

Cost Control Model

b)

Constructive Cost Model

c)

Common Cost Module

d)

Continuous Cost Model

29.

Function Points are:

a)

Language dependent

b)

Language independent

c)

Used only late

d)

Hardware dependent

30.

Improving software economics mainly aims to

a)

Increase code size

b)

Reduce productivity

c)

Reduce cost and time

d)

Increase documentation

31.

Reducing software product size helps in

a)

Increasing bugs

b)

Increasing maintenance cost

c)

Reducing development time

d)

Delaying delivery

32.

High-level languages reduce

a)

Code reuse

b)

Code readability

c)

Lines of code

d)

Automation

33.

Object-Oriented methods improve

a)

Hardware usage

b)

Complexity management

c)

Project delays

d)

Documentation volume

34.

Reuse requires

a)

No investment

b)

Upfront investment

c)

Manual coding

d)

More defects

35.

Commercial components are

a)

Custom-built modules

b)

Free tools

c)

Ready-made vendor products

d)

Prototypes

36.

The metaprocess focuses on

a)

Coding

b)

Testing

c)

Improving the process itself

d)

Deployment

37.

Productive activities include

a)

Meetings

b)

Documentation

c)

Coding and testing

d)

Reporting

38.

Early error correction is

a)

Costly

b)

Impossible

c)

Beneficial

d)

Recommended

39.

Performing tasks in parallel improves which aspect of a project?

a)

Documentation

b)

Schedule

c)

Budget overrun

d)

Rework

40.

Team effectiveness mainly depends on which of the following?

a)

Team size

b)

Tools only

c)

Proper role matching

d)

Salary

41.

What does poor architecture usually result in?

a)

Project success

b)

Minimal rework

c)

Project failure

d)

Faster delivery

42.

Boehm’s staffing principle emphasizes which of the following?

a)

More people

b)

Top talent

c)

Long meetings

d)

Equal skills

43.

Phase-out principle suggests

a)

Retaining misfits

b)

Removing unsuitable members early

c)

Promoting all

d)

Delaying decisions

44.

A successful project manager must have

a)

Coding skill only

b)

Selling and communication skills

c)

Hardware expertise

d)

Legal knowledge

45.

Software environments improve productivity through

a)

Manual processes

b)

Automation

c)

Increased documentation

d)

Meetings

46.

Integrated environments ensure

a)

Inconsistency

b)

Ad-hoc development

c)

Standardization

d)

Manual builds

47.

Semantic integration means

a)

Tools share understanding of data

b)

Tools work independently

c)

Manual updates

d)

Increased documentation

48.

Round-trip engineering supports which of the following?

a)

One-way development

b)

Model-code synchronization

c)

Manual documentation

d)

Testing only

49.

Tool vendors often

a)

Underestimate productivity

b)

Promise exaggerated productivity gains

c)

Avoid automation

d)

Reduce efficiency

50.

Software quality ensures

a)

Low performance

b)

Customer dissatisfaction

c)

Meeting customer expectations

d)

Minimal testing

51.

Quality should be

a)

Tested only at the end

b)

Ignored early

c)

Built throughout the lifecycle

d)

Optional

52.

Continuous integration mainly helps

a)

Delay testing

b)

Improve defect detection

c)

Increase rework

d)

Reduce automation

53.

Demonstration-based evaluation helps in

a)

Hiding defects

b)

Early performance assessment

c)

Avoiding users

d)

Increasing documentation

54.

Final performance issues are often discovered during

a)

Requirements phase

b)

Integration and testing

c)

Planning

d)

Inception

55.

Peer inspections are used to

a)

Replace testing

b)

Detect defects early

c)

Increase documentation

d)

Delay delivery

56.

Peer inspections should focus on

a)

Every file

b)

Critical artifacts

c)

User manuals only

d)

UI colors

57.

Peer inspections are considered

a)

Primary quality mechanisms

b)

Secondary quality mechanisms

c)

Final validation

d)

Testing tools

58.

Which is a primary quality mechanism?

a)

Peer inspection

b)

Life-cycle testing

c)

Review meeting

d)

Documentation

59.

Inspections help junior developers by

a)

Increasing workload

b)

Professional development

c)

Reducing learning

d)

Avoiding feedback

60.

Architectural issues are best exposed by

a)

Inspections alone

b)

Prototyping and experimentation

c)

Documentation

d)

Meetings

61.

Executable implementations help in

a)

Hiding defects

b)

Validating design

c)

Avoiding testing

d)

Increasing cost

62.

Demonstrating critical use cases helps

a)

Validate real behavior

b)

Delay delivery

c)

Increase documentation

d)

Avoid feedback

63.

Feeding lessons learned back supports

a)

Continuous improvement

b)

Rework increase

c)

Documentation overload

d)

Team conflict

64.

Waterfall model discourages changes because

a)

Testing is early

b)

Phases are rigid

c)

Feedback is continuous

d)

Requirements evolve

65.

System-of-systems cost is approximately

a)

Equal to programs

b)

2× more

c)

Half of programs

d)

Less than programs

66.

Software cost dominates hardware cost due to

a)

Declining hardware prices

b)

Increasing software complexity

c)

Manual testing

d)

Reduced tools

67.

CASE tools were introduced mainly during which era?

a)

Conventional era

b)

Transition era

c)

Modern era

d)

Pre-1960

68.

Continuous testing mainly reduces which of the following?

a)

Team size

b)

Late defect discovery

c)

Requirements clarity

d)

Documentation

69.

Overhead activities are best described as

a)

Useless

b)

Always avoidable

c)

Necessary but indirect

d)

Core development

70.

Removing unnecessary steps helps in

a)

Increasing delays

b)

Schedule improvement

c)

Reducing quality

d)

Increasing complexity

71.

Parallel development mainly improves which of the following?

a)

Cost overrun

b)

Schedule efficiency

c)

Rework

d)

Defect rate

72.

Mismanaged projects fail mainly due to which reason?

a)

Lack of tools

b)

Poor management and architecture

c)

High salaries

d)

Fewer documents

73.

Configuration management mainly deals with which aspect?

a)

UI design

b)

Version control

c)

User training

d)

Marketing

74.

DevOps pipelines mainly automate which process?

a)

Documentation

b)

Build, test, deploy

c)

Requirement changes

d)

Meetings

75.

Quality metrics help in which of the following?

a)

Ignoring defects

b)

Tracking progress objectively

c)

Increasing defects

d)

Reducing productivity

76.

Early demonstrations reduce which of the following?

a)

Customer trust

b)

Late surprises

c)

Feedback

d)

Quality

77.

Peer inspections should NOT do which of the following?

a)

Support quality

b)

Replace execution-based testing

c)

Focus on risk

d)

Be selective

78.

Static code analysis tools are part of which category?

a)

Primary mechanisms

b)

Peer reviews

c)

Documentation

d)

Customer feedback

79.

Change management metrics track which of the following?

a)

Hardware changes

b)

Defects and rework

c)

Salaries

d)

UI themes

80.

Software environments act as what?

a)

Secondary tools

b)

Primary delivery vehicles

c)

Documentation tools

d)

Feedback mechanisms

81.

Highly integrated environments reduce:

a)

Automation

b)

Consistency

c)

Manual errors

d)

Productivity

82.

Forward engineering converts:

a)

Code to model

b)

Model to code

c)

Tests to code

d)

Design to requirements

83.

Reverse engineering converts:

a)

Model to code

b)

Code to model

c)

Tests to requirements

d)

Documentation to design

84.

Modern software economics focuses on:

a)

Late ROI

b)

Early ROI

c)

Fixed delivery

d)

Heavy documentation

85.

Larger projects usually suffer from:

a)

Economies of scale

b)

Diseconomies of scale

c)

Increased productivity

d)

Reduced costs

86.

Historical data improves

a)

Guesswork

b)

Cost estimation accuracy

c)

Documentation size

d)

Risk

87.

Reuse improves economics by

a)

Increasing development effort

b)

Reducing rework

c)

Increasing defects

d)

Delaying delivery

88.

Commercial components require

a)

No licensing

b)

License management

c)

Manual coding

d)

No integration

89.

Early performance testing mainly reduces

a)

Hardware dependency

b)

Late performance failures

c)

Code readability

d)

Documentation

90.

Quality is NOT achieved by

a)

Continuous testing

b)

Iterative development

c)

Code readability

d)

Documentation

91.

Major milestone demonstrations validate which of the following?

a)

Documentation

b)

Working software

c)

Contracts

d)

Budgets

92.

What is increased by peer inspections in a software development process?

a)

Defect leakage

b)

Accountability

c)

Rework

d)

Conflicts

93.

Which method is best for achieving architecture visualization?

a)

UML models

b)

Plain text

c)

Spreadsheets

d)

Emails

94.

Integrated tools in software development mainly improve what aspect?

a)

Fragmentation

b)

Coordination

c)

Redundancy

d)

Manual effort

95.

Software economics mainly deals with which of the following?

a)

UI design

b)

Cost-benefit trade-offs

c)

Redundancy

d)

Manual effort

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