The branch of phonetics that studies movements of the speech organs and the coordination of these movements in the production of single sounds is called _____.

… studies the way in which the air vibrates between the speaker’s mouth and the listener’s ear.

The branch of phonetics investigating the hearing process is known as _____.

_________ is a branch of phonetics that studies the way phonetic means are used in this or that particular situation under the influence of a set of factors which are referred to as extralinguistic.

Speech sounds are traditionally divided into 2 large groups. They are:

Which of the following consonants is not voiced?

Which type of consonants cannot exist?

The 2 large oppositional classes of consonants in English are _______ consonants.

Every phoneme can be modified in speech. Among different modifications we can distinguish:

This phonemic modification occurs due to the individual peculiarities of articulation, e.g. the speaker can mumble, stammer or lisp. This modification of phonemes in speech is called _____.

This phonemic modification is caused by historical tendencies active in certain localities (i.e. it is noticeable in some local territorial dialects). This modification of phonemes in speech is called ______ .

This phonemic modification is conditioned by phonetic environment. Thus the same phoneme in different environments may be pronounced as [æ] and [ə]. This modification of phonemes in speech is called ____ .

Standard pronunciation adopted by native speakers as the right and proper way of speaking is called _____.

The abbreviation ‘RP’ is used instead of the words ____ .

Received Pronunciation is the phonetic norm of _____.

Dialects are _____.

_____ is one of the most well-known dialects in Britain; it can be heard in Newcastle.

_______ is a dialect spoken by the less educated part of Londoners.

Speakers of this dialect often pronounce words ‘them’, ‘his’, ‘they’ as [‘em, ‘is, ‘ei]

Which of the following dialects is not spoken on the territory of the UK?

In British English three main regional types of pronunciation are distinguished. They are ____ .

In the Scottish type of pronunciation the word ‘girl’ is pronounced as ____ .

All vowels are short in the ______ type of pronunciation.

Almost all vowels are long in the _____ type of pronunciation.

Which of the consonants do(does) not occur in Cockney?

Which of the consonants rarely occurs initially in Cockney?

How is the word ‘vase’ pronounced in American English?

In which variant of pronunciation is ‘t’ voiced between vowels?

According to the broad definition, intonation is defined as a complex unity of speech melody, sentence (utterance) stress, tempo, rhythm and voice timbre that is used to express thoughts, emotions and attitudes to the contents of the utterance and the hearer. This definition was given by phonetician(s) _____.

Say which of the following is not a component of intonation.

_______ is the rate at which utterances are pronounced.

______ are used to signal hesitation or doubt.

Which of the following can be regarded as the degrees of tempo?

What stress pattern do monosyllabic words have?

This kind of stress is achieved by a greater force of articulation, which results in greater loudness, i.e. the stressed syllables are louder than the unstressed ones. What word stress type is it?

Another name for musical word stress is ______ .

Such languages as Chinese, Thai, Vietnamese have _____ word-stress.

In languages with the ______ word stress the effect of stress is mainly based on the quantity of the sound, i.e. its duration. In such languages vowels in the stressed syllables are longer than in the unstressed ones.

The Russian language is considered to have the ______ word stress.

The English language is known to have the _______ word stress.

The German language is considered to have the ______ word stress.

Which of the following languages has the tonic word-stress?

Say how many syllables are there in the word ‘table’:

A semivowel is __________ .