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WorksheetsPolitical Science prepare
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
Why did Aristotle refer to politics as the "master science"?
Because it focuses only on elections
Because it controls religion
Because nearly all aspects of human life unfold within a political context
Because it replaces philosophy
The analysis of why some democracies survive while others fail is an example of which function?
Explanatory
Normative
Predictive
Practical
The "Mandate of Heaven" in Ancient China emphasized:
Military conquest
The ruler's legitimacy is based on virtuous governance
Popular elections
Economic equality
Who developed Moral Foundations Theory (MFT)?
Plato and Aristotle
Jonathan Haidt and Craig Joseph
Bentham and Mill
Hobbes and Locke
Utilitarianism is primarily associated with:
Marx and Engels
Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
Aquinas and Augustine
Weber and Durkheim
Which of the following best distinguishes political power from other forms of power?
Persuasion
Tradition
It is tied to political institutions and enforcement of laws
Charisma
The exchange of scholarships for good academic performance is an example of:
Coercive power
Exchange power
Charismatic power
Legitimate power
Which of the following is NOT a core function of the executive branch in Kazakhstan?
Policy implementation
Administration
Enforcement of laws
Reviewing constitutionality of laws
What are the two classes of elites identified by Pareto?
Political and economic elites
Upper and lower classes
Governing elites and non-governing elites
Bureaucrats and politicians
What are the three categories of Michels' arguments supporting the Iron Law of Oligarchy?
Economic, political, cultural
Structural, operational, practical
Moral, legal, social
Formal, informal, symbolic
What does Situational Theory emphasize in understanding leadership?
Personality traits
Leadership effectiveness depends on context
Authority hierarchy
Charisma
Augustine's view of politics emphasized:
Human perfection
Original sin and the imperfection of earthly states
Equality
Popular sovereignty
Which leadership type adapts based on the context and demands of a particular situation?
Situational leadership
Bureaucratic leadership
Transactional leadership
Charismatic leadership
What distinguishes international relations from domestic policy in political science?
Focus on culture
Interactions between sovereign states and international organizations
Focus on elections
Focus on law enforcement
The concept that illustrates the same idea as the Milgram Experiment:
Utilitarianism
Social Contract
Pluralism
Elitism
Arthashastra is the Indian philosophical work which has common features with political ________.
Idealism
Liberalism
Realism
Feminism
________, ________, ________ were the important figures of the 19th-century Kazakh Enlightenment.
Abai, Altynsarin, Valikhanov
Marx, Engels, Lenin
Weber, Durkheim, Comte
Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau
Utilitarianism suggests that sometimes morally uncomfortable actions can be justified if they ______ happiness.
Reduce
Balance
Maximize
Delay
The theory of the "social ______" explains the origin of society and government as an agreement among people.
Order
Structure
Contract
Norm
What does Pareto describe as the two types of elites?
Political and economic
Rich and poor
Governing elites and non-governing elites
Leaders and followers
Political science is considered interdisciplinary because it integrates knowledge from:
Natural sciences
Economics, sociology, and cultural studies
Engineering
Biology
Forecasting political outcomes is part of which function?
Normative
Predictive
Explanatory
Practical
Which thinker is known as the founder of Daoism?
Laozi
Confucius
Mencius
Han Fei
Which of the following is NOT one of the six moral foundations?
Care/Harm
Liberty/Oppression
Equality/Hierarchy
Authority/Subversion
The "principle of utility" states that:
Morality is subjective
An action is right if it maximizes happiness
Rules are absolute
Authority decides
According to Ellen Grigsby, power is primarily understood as:
Physical strength
The capacity to influence outcomes or behavior
Legal authority only
Economic wealth
Military deterrence primarily represents which sphere of power?
Economic power
Soft power
Military power
Cultural power
What is the central function of the judiciary in Kazakhstan?
Making laws
Enforcing laws
Interpreting laws and resolving disputes
Managing ministries
In Pareto's theory, what does the term "circulation of elites" refer to?
Elite unity
Permanent rule
Movement between elite and non-elite groups
Electoral change
What is the main idea of pluralism as opposed to elitism?
Elite dominance
One ruling class
Power distributed among competing groups
State supremacy
What does F.E. Fiedler argue in Situational Theory?
Personality matters most
Ideology matters most
A leader's effectiveness depends on the situation
Popularity matters most
Thomas Aquinas argued that politics should:
Maximize power
Promote the common good and cultivate virtue
Ensure obedience
Protect elites
What does public policy as a subfield focus on?
Philosophy
Elections
Design, implementation, and evaluation of policy
Media
Which of the following best reflects misuse of legitimate power?
Passing laws
Elected official using office for corruption
Policy debates
Voting
What distinguishes charismatic leadership from other forms?
Rules
Experience
Personal magnetism and emotional appeal
Institutions
According to ________, the state should consist of three classes: philosopher-king, warriors, producers.
Aristotle
Plato
Hobbes
Locke
Adolf Eichmann followed ______ without reflecting on moral consequences.
Emotions
Orders
Ideals
Laws only
People should be protected from excessive taxation from which moral foundation?
Care/Harm
Liberty/Oppression
Loyalty/Betrayal
Authority/Subversion
What concept explains movement between elite and non-elite groups by Pareto?
Pluralism
Oligarchy
Circulation of elites
Bureaucracy
The theory of the "social ______" explains the origin of society and government.
Structure
Norm
Contract
Value
The term "politics" originates from the Greek word "polis," which means:
Government
City-state or community
Law
Power
Which function deals with justice, legitimacy, equality, and democracy?
Predictive
Explanatory
Normative
Practical
Legalist philosophy in China viewed human nature as:
Good
Neutral
Inherently selfish
Cooperative
The "care/harm" foundation is most evident in debates about:
Defense
Healthcare
Trade
Taxation
The principle "the greatest happiness to the greatest number" is associated with:
Liberalism
Marxism
Utilitarianism
Conservatism
Which of the following represents an informal source of power?
Charisma of a community leader
Law
Constitution
Office
Traditional legitimacy is best exemplified by:
Elections
Customary succession of monarchs
Referenda
Courts
In Kazakhstan, which body can question ministers and refuse approval of appointments?
Senate
Constitutional Court
Mazhilis
Supreme Court
Which two types of elites did Pareto describe based on their ruling style?
Lions and Foxes
Kings and peasants
Elites and masses
Bureaucrats and soldiers
According to pluralists, what ensures that no single group dominates decision-making?
Strong leaders
Centralization
Diversity of interests and competition
Military power
How does Transactional Leadership view the leader-follower relationship?
Inspiration
Vision
Exchanges of rewards and punishments
Service
Machiavelli believed a ruler should:
Always be loved
Be feared if he cannot be both
Follow morality
Avoid power
How does media influence politics in the modern era?
Eliminates debate
Shapes ideologies and public opinion
Replaces parties
Has no impact
Augustine's view of politics emphasized:
Human progress
Original sin and imperfection of earthly states
Equality
Democracy
Thomas Aquinas argued that politics should:
Protect elites
Promote the common good and cultivate virtue
Enforce obedience
Ensure power
Which theory, opposite to elitism, argues that power is spread among multiple groups?
Oligarchy
Bureaucracy
Pluralism
Monarchy
What theory explains that all organizations are controlled by a small elite (Robert Michels)?
Pluralism
Social Contract
Iron Law of Oligarchy
Polyarchy
Liberty/Oppression protects people from:
Poverty
Excessive rules and taxation
Violence
Inequality
Utilitarianism suggests actions are justified if they:
Follow rules
Maximize happiness
Obey authority
Protect elites
According to ________, the state should consist of three classes.
Aristotle
Plato
Marx
Locke
Who is credited with defining politics as the study of "who gets what, when, and how"?
Weber
Marx
Harold Lasswell
Dahl
Offering recommendations for governance reflects which function of political science?
Explanatory
Practical
Normative
Predictive
Daoism's principle of "wu wei" means:
Active leadership
Non-action and natural order
Moral duty
Legal authority
In fairness/cheating, conservatives often emphasize:
Equality
Proportionality of effort and reward
Welfare
Redistribution
According to Marx, the ruling class controls:
Government
The means of production
Religion
Education
When a politician passes laws promoting social justice, this illustrates:
Abuse of power
Positive use of power for the common good
Coercion
Corruption
In Kazakh society, traditional legitimacy often rests on:
Courts
Constitution
Elections
Authority of family elders
The President's veto power in Kazakhstan can be overridden by:
Courts
Referendum
Parliamentary qualified majority
President
What is the meaning of Pareto's quote: "History is a graveyard of aristocracies"?
Elites are moral
No elite remains in power permanently
Democracy fails
Tradition dominates
Which best describes Robert A. Dahl's concept of polyarchy?
Rule by one
Military rule
Rule by multiple centers of power
Bureaucracy
Which theory focuses on inspiring followers toward a shared vision?
Transactional
Transformational
Bureaucratic
Situational
Who first clearly defined "sovereignty" as absolute and perpetual power?
Hobbes
Jean Bodin
Locke
Rousseau
Bureaucratic leadership emphasizes:
Charisma
Emotion
Efficiency and procedural correctness
Flexibility
What is a long-term risk of a cult of personality?
Stability
Participation
Erosion of accountability and centralization of power
Equality
The psychological experiment demonstrating the banality of evil is:
Stanford experiment
Milgram Experiment
Prisoner's dilemma
Asch experiment
According to ________, the state should consist of three classes.
Aristotle
Plato
Hobbes
Locke
Adolf Eichmann was portrayed as:
Evil genius
Ordinary bureaucrat following orders
Revolutionary
Leader
Which theory, opposite to elitism, argues that power is spread among multiple groups?
Elitism
Oligarchy
Pluralism
Monarchy
The Authority/Subversion moral foundation emphasizes respect for legitimate ________.
Equality
Authority
Liberty
Care
Montesquieu divides power into how many branches?
Two
Three
Four
Five
How did Max Weber define politics?
Moral leadership
Distribution of power within a state
Economic control
Cultural influence
In the context of globalization, how is sovereignty now characterized?
Absolute
Obsolete
"A soft shell" interacting with global forces
Illegal
Which ancient Indian school rejected religious dogma and promoted rationalism?
Buddhism
Vedanta
Charvaka (Lokayata)
Jainism
The loyalty/betrayal foundation is closely tied to:
Equality
Group identity and cohesion
Liberty
Harm
In Marx's view, history is driven by:
Ideas
Class struggle
Religion
Technology
Which type of power involves compliance through threats?
Coercive power
Exchange power
Legitimate power
Charismatic power
Charismatic legitimacy is seen when:
Laws dominate
Followers obey due to personal qualities
Elections decide
Tradition rules
Which institution reviews laws for constitutionality in Kazakhstan?
Parliament
Supreme Court
Mazhilis
Constitutional Court
What concept did Gaetano Mosca introduce in elite theory?
Circulation of elites
Polyarchy
The ruling class
Iron law
What role do interest groups play in pluralist theory?
Control government
Eliminate elections
Amplify individual voices and shape policy
Replace parties
What is a key feature of Servant Leadership theory?
Authority
Leading by serving others
Punishment
Control
"Power should be understood in its own terms" means:
Morality first
Rulers judged by effectiveness, not morality
Equality matters most
Law dominates
Machiavelli is the author of the book:
Leviathan
Republic
The Prince
Politics
The Trolley Dilemma is most closely linked with:
Deontology
Utilitarianism
Virtue ethics
Pluralism
In Marx's view, history is driven by:
Cooperation
Class struggle
Democracy
Culture
According to ________, just forms of government serve the common good.
Hobbes
Aristotle
Locke
Rousseau
________ is the theory of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau explaining government as agreement.
Elitism
Social Contract
Utilitarianism
Realism
What term describes rule by several cooperating elite groups (Robert Dahl)?
Oligarchy
Elitism
Polyarchy
Bureaucracy
Who introduced the concept of the "Ruling class" in elite theory?
Michels
Pareto
Gaetano Mosca
Dahl
Utilitarianism suggests that sometimes morally uncomfortable actions can be justified if they ________ happiness.
Reduce
Balance
Maximize
Delay
