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WorksheetsNNNB3453 Tutorial 2
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 8mins
Double-stranded RNA viruses are strong inducers of interferon responses. However, rotavirus infection initially induces only limited interferon signaling in infected enterocytes.
Which viral property most directly limits early innate immune activation?
Absence of envelope glycoproteins
Encapsulation of dsRNA within a triple-layered capsid
Rapid lysis of infected cells
Low mutation rate of viral polymerase
A clinician delays administering the first dose of rotavirus vaccine until an infant is 18 weeks old.
Why is this approach the least recommended?
Vaccine is ineffective after 8 months.
Vaccine requires prior rotavirus exposure.
Vaccine requires prior rotavirus exposure.
Vaccine requires prior rotavirus exposure.
In certain individuals, neutralizing antibodies show limited binding to picornaviral particles due to its ______
complex enveloped structures.
hidden receptors in the capsid pockets.
integrated the genome into the host genome.
its cytoplasmic latency.
A patient previously infected with dengue virus serotype 1 develops dengue hemorrhagic fever following a secondary infection with serotype 2.
The increased severity is best explained by ______
viral mutation.
presence of non-neutralizing antibodies.
increased viral dose.
longer incubation period.
A traveler receives a single dose of the yellow fever vaccine before visiting an endemic region. The single-dose vaccine is adequate for protection because it ______
is genetically stable.
induces lifelong immunity.
confers minimal adverse effects.
is cross-protective.
A patient with HIV has a CD4⁺ T-cell count of 180 cells/µL and recurrent opportunistic infections. This stage is clinically defined as (a) .
Although hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus, it replicates through an (a) intermediate.
A pregnant woman who is both HBsAg positive and (a) positive has a perinatal transmission risk of up to 90%.
According to the U = U concept, individuals living with HIV who maintain a __________ viral load for at least __________ months through strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) do not sexually transmit the virus.
(a)
Even when HIV viral load is undetectable, the virus remains in the body within dormant cells known as (a) , explaining why lifelong ART is required.
