Worksheetsunit 3 test review cell
Total questions: 58
Worksheet time: 29mins
Select the organelle-function pairs that correctly match common cell parts.
Ribosomes — build proteins from amino acids
Nucleus — stores DNA and directs cell activities
Mitochondria — produce glucose through photosynthesis
Cell membrane — controls what enters and leaves the cell
Lysosomes — digest materials
Which statement best describes Robert Hooke’s contribution?
He first viewed living cells under a microscope
He named the cell after observing cork
He concluded that all animals are made of cells
He proposed that cells arise from pre-existing cells
Which statement best describes Antonie van Leeuwenhoek’s contribution?
He first viewed living cells
He named the cell after observing cork
He concluded that all plants are made of cells
He proposed cell reproduction from pre-existing cells
Which statement best describes Matthias Schleiden’s contribution?
All animals are made of cells
Cells come from pre-existing cells
All plants are made of cells
He named the cell
Which statement best describes Theodor Schwann’s contribution?
All animals are made of cells
All plants are made of cells
He first viewed living cells
Cells come from pre-existing cells
Which statement best describes Rudolf Virchow’s contribution?
He named the cell
Cells come from pre-existing cells
All plants are made of cells
All animals are made of cells
What is the key difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes have a nucleus; eukaryotes do not
Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not
Prokaryotes are multicellular; eukaryotes are unicellular
Eukaryotes lack DNA; prokaryotes contain DNA
Which processes are types of passive transport? Select all that apply.
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Protein pumps
Endocytosis
Which processes are types of active transport? Select all that apply.
Protein pumps
Bulk transport (endocytosis/exocytosis)
Diffusion
Osmosis
What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
Osmosis is movement of water across a membrane; diffusion is movement of any molecule from high to low concentration
Osmosis moves solutes across a membrane; diffusion moves only water
Osmosis requires energy; diffusion does not
Osmosis occurs only in gases; diffusion occurs only in liquids
Which membrane transport processes require energy (ATP)? Select all that apply.
Protein pumps
Bulk transport (endocytosis/exocytosis)
Diffusion
Osmosis
Which membrane transport processes do not require energy (ATP)? Select all that apply.
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Protein pumps
Which statement correctly contrasts facilitated diffusion and active transport?
Both require energy to move molecules across the membrane
Facilitated diffusion does not use energy; active transport uses energy
Neither process uses proteins
Active transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient
How are pinocytosis and phagocytosis similar?
Both are forms of endocytosis that move materials into the cell using vesicles
Both export materials out of the cell using vesicles
Both move primarily solids like food
Both require no membrane involvement
How do pinocytosis and phagocytosis differ?
Pinocytosis takes in more liquids; phagocytosis takes in more solids
Pinocytosis exports solids; phagocytosis exports liquids
Pinocytosis requires more energy than phagocytosis
Pinocytosis uses lysosomes; phagocytosis uses ribosomes
Why is the membrane compared to a fluid mosaic?
Membrane molecules are rigid and identical
Molecules are free to move (fluid) and many different types (mosaic) make up one membrane
Different membranes cannot mix components
Only proteins move while lipids remain fixed
How are endocytosis and exocytosis similar?
Both are passive transport and move small molecules
Both are forms of bulk transport, require energy, and move large molecules using vesicles
Both move materials into the cell
Both move materials out of the cell
How do endocytosis and exocytosis differ?
Endocytosis moves materials into the cell; exocytosis moves materials out of the cell
Endocytosis is passive; exocytosis is active
Endocytosis uses no vesicles; exocytosis uses vesicles
Endocytosis moves only water; exocytosis moves only gases
What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution, and why?
It swells because water enters the cell
It shrinks because water leaves the cell due to higher outside solute concentration
It remains the same because concentrations are equal
It bursts because inside solute concentration is higher
What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution, and why?
It shrinks because water leaves the cell
It swells because water enters the cell due to lower outside solute concentration
It remains the same because concentrations are equal
It bursts because solute concentration is equal inside and outside
What happens to a cell placed in an isotonic solution, and why?
It shrinks because water leaves the cell
It swells because water enters the cell
It remains the same because inside and outside concentrations are equal
It bursts due to excess solute uptake
In the diagram of a cell, which structure’s function is to store DNA?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Cell membrane
In the diagram of a cell, which structure primarily produces energy for the cell?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
In the diagram of a cell, which structure packages and modifies proteins and lipids?
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Nucleus
Cell wall
In the diagram of a cell, which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Cell membrane
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Identify the solution type for the cell shown shriveled with arrows labeled H2O.
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Neutral
Identify the solution type for the cell shown normal with arrows labeled H2O.
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Supersaturated
Identify the solution type for the cell shown lysing with arrows labeled H2O.
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Anisotonic
What is the cellular structure pictured to the right?
Phospholipid
Steroid hormone
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Where specifically is this structure found in the cell?
Mitochondrial matrix
Cell membrane
Nuclear pore
Ribosome
Which parts of the phospholipid are hydrophilic and hydrophobic, respectively?
Tails hydrophilic; head hydrophobic
Head hydrophilic; tails hydrophobic
Both head and tails hydrophilic
Both head and tails hydrophobic
Which organic compounds also make up the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Starch
Which functions are correctly matched to organic compounds in the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
Phospholipids — create and provide a barrier
Proteins — transport across the membrane
Carbohydrates — communication
A membrane that allows only certain molecules to pass through it is called a ____.
isotonic solution
semi-permeable membrane
diffusion
osmosis
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called ____.
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane is called ____.
diffusion
osmosis
bulk transport
hypertonic solution
In a ____ , the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution
hypertonic solution
facilitated diffusion
The concentration of solutes in a ____ is lower outside the cell than the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution
active transport
The concentration of solutes in a ____ equals the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
isotonic solution
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
bulk transport
The use of carrier proteins to aid diffusion is called ____.
active transport
facilitated diffusion
bulk transport
osmosis
The process defined as the use of energy to carry molecules across the membrane is called ____.
active transport
diffusion
isotonic solution
semi-permeable membrane
In ____ , large molecules, food, and other substances are packaged and moved across the membrane.
bulk transport
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
hypotonic solution
What is the function of the diaphragm on the microscope?
Focus the image at high power
Control how much light passes through the specimen
Move the stage up and down
Select the eyepiece magnification
What must you do to change the objective lens through which you are viewing a specimen?
Turn the nosepiece
Adjust the diaphragm
Move the coarse adjustment knob
Change the eyepiece
Which knob is turned to focus on low power?
Fine adjustment
Coarse adjustment
Diaphragm control
Stage clips
In microscopy, compound means how many lenses are used?
1 lens
2 lenses
3 lenses
4 lenses
Eyepiece = 10× ; Objective = 45× . What is the total magnification of the specimen?
45×
10×
55×
450×
Which features are found only in plant cells compared to animal cells?
Cell wall and chloroplasts
Lysosomes and small vacuoles
Centrioles and rounded shape
No nucleus and no ribosomes
Which statements are parts of the Cell Theory? Select all that apply.
All organisms are made of cells
The cell is the basic unit of life
All cells come from existing cells
Cells form only from nonliving matter
Which scientists contributed to the Cell Theory? Select all that apply.
Schleiden
Schwann
Virchow
Hooke
What is plasmolysis?
Cell swelling due to water gain
When the cell membrane shrinks away from the cell wall as the cell loses water
Cell division of the cytoplasm
Active transport of solutes into the cell
What happens to a cell that causes plasmolysis?
The cell is placed in a hypertonic environment and loses water
The cell is placed in a hypotonic environment and gains water
The cell is placed in an isotonic environment and remains the same
The cell is heated above body temperature
In a diffusion lab using a dialysis bag model of a cell, what part of the cell did the bag represent?
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
In the same lab, what part of the cell does the solution inside the bag represent?
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Extracellular fluid
Cell wall
In the same lab, what does the fluid outside of the bag represent in terms of a cell?
Cytoplasm
Extracellular fluid
Nuclear envelope
Mitochondrial matrix
Why would the dialysis bag turn blue after incubating in a plastic cup with water and iodine?
Iodine diffused into the bag and reacted with starch inside the bag
Iodine was too large to enter the bag
Starch diffused out of the bag and reacted in the cup
Water turned blue spontaneously
If the experiment started with glucose and iodine inside the bag and starch in the plastic cup, what color would you expect the dialysis bag to be?
Blue/black
Clear or cloudy
Red
Green
If the experiment started with glucose and iodine inside the bag and starch in the plastic cup, what color would you expect the plastic cup to be?
Blue/black
Clear
Yellow
Red
