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Genetics: test review

Total questions: 114

Worksheet time: 23hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In DNA, C basepairs with (a)   .

2.

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence of ATT GAC ACG...

What would the complementary stand look like?

(a)  

3.

In a DNA strand, A basepairs with (a)   .

4.

Which of the following is a base pair?

a)

Adenine - Cytosine

b)

Cytosine - Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose - Cytosine

d)

Cytosine - Guanine

5.

Identify what structure is outlined in the BLACK outline.

a)

Base pair

b)

deoxyribose sugar

c)

phosphate group

d)

hydrogen bonds

e)

Nucleotide

6.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
7.

How do the nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?

a)

A-C, G-T

b)

A-G, C-T

c)

A-U, G-C

d)

A-T, G-C

8.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
9.

What is the shape of DNA?

a)

Twisty ladder

b)

Double helix

c)

Single stranded

d)

Molecular compound

10.

Which bases will pair with this side of DNA: ATG TGA CAG

a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
11.

What is the backbone of DNA made of?

a)

Carbon and Sugar

b)

Nitrogen and Phosphorous

c)

Sugar and Phosphate

12.

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the following order of bases, what will be the correct order of bases on the complementary (matching) strand?

AATTGGCC

a)

AATTGGCC

b)

TTAACCGG

c)

GGCCAATT

d)

GACTGACT

13.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)

sugar, phosphate and a base

b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
14.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)

protein

c)

DNA

d)

nucleotide

15.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)

delicious

b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)
fructose
16.
What is the difference between the sugars found in DNA and RNA?
a)
RNA contains glucose
b)
RNA contains sucrose
c)
RNA contains deoxyribose
d)
RNA contains Ribose
17.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
18.
RNA has how many strands?
a)
one
b)
two
19.

Using this DNA sequence ATA CGA GGA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UAU GCU CCU AAA

b)

UAU GCU CCU TTT

c)

TAT GCT CCT AAA

d)

TAT GCT CCT TTT

20.

How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?

a)

GCUAUA

b)

CGATAT

c)

CGAUAU

d)

GCUTUT

21.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

22.

A nucleotide is composed of

a)

A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

b)

A protein, protein and Guanine

c)

A phosphate, Adenine, and nitrogenous base

d)

A protein, Adenine and nitrogenous base

23.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
24.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
25.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
26.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
27.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
28.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
29.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
30.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
31.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
32.

The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in

a)

none of these

b)

Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands

c)

two exact copies with new strands

d)

two DNA molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.

33.

What is a mutation?

a)

Adenine

b)

a change/mistake in DNA

c)

a copy of the original DNA

d)

Guanine

34.
What will the matching sequence be on a strand that reads AAGCTAT?
a)
AACGATA
b)
TTCGTTA
c)
CCTGATA
d)
TTCGATA
35.

The DNA sequence is TTA CCG What is the complementary sequence?

a)

TTA CCG

b)

AAT GGC

c)

GGC AAT

36.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
37.

Bundled up, organized DNA is called a

a)

gene

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

nucleotide

38.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand TAG TGA CAG

a)

ATC ACT GTC

b)

ATG TGA CAG

c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
39.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand TAC TTT CGC

a)

TAC TCT GGG

b)

TAC TTT GTC

c)

ATG AAA GCG

d)

AAC CGA TAG

40.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand TTG GCT ATC

a)

TAC TCT GGG

b)

TAC TTT GTC

c)

ATG AAA GCG

d)

AAC CGA TAG

41.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand CAT TAG GAG

a)

TAC TCT GGG

b)

TAC TTT GTC

c)

ATG AAA GCG

d)

GTA ATC CTC

42.

What are the proper complementary base-pairs?

a)

A--T and G--C

b)

A--G and C--T

c)

G--T and A--C

d)

A--C and T--G

43.
DNA and RNA are macromolecules in the category of
a)
Proteins
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Carbohydrates
44.
The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
transformation
d)
replication
45.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

46.

Which RNA carries the message?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

47.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
48.

DNA contains the template to make RNA

a)

True

b)

False

49.

After transcription mRNA goes from the nucleus to the _________.

a)

Ribosome

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

50.

The first step of protein synthesis is.....

a)

replication

b)

mitosis

c)

translation

d)

transcription

51.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
52.

Transcribe the following DNA sequence into RNA:


AAT TAG GGC TCG

a)

AAT TAG GGC TCG

b)

TTA ATC CCG AGC

c)

UUA AUC CCG AGC

d)

TTU UTC CCG UGC

53.

How many nucleotides equal make up a codon?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

54.

The size and shape of proteins determines:

a)

their function

b)

their bonds

c)

their nucleotides

d)

their chromosomes

55.

Reorder or sequence the following steps to protein synthesis.

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Protein Synthesis

1)
2)
3)
56.

The uracil (U) nitrogen base replaces (a)   in RNA.

Choose from the below words
thymine
guanine
cytosine
adenine
57.

A codon is located on the ​ (a)   and an anticodon is located on the ​ ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
58.

What is a codon?

a)

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

b)

A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

c)

A molecule that carries oxygen in the blood.

d)

A structure that synthesizes lipids in the cell.

59.

What is the process of copying DNA called?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

Recombination

60.

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

a)

Transcription is the process of translating RNA into protein.

b)

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

c)

Transcription is the process of synthesizing DNA from RNA.

d)

Transcription is the process of modifying proteins after synthesis.

61.

AUG

a)

Arginine

b)

Serine

c)

Lysine

d)

Threonine

e)

Methionine

62.

ACC

a)

Arginine

b)

Serine

c)

Lysine

d)

Threonine

e)

Methionine

63.

AAG

a)

Arginine

b)

Serine

c)

Lysine

d)

Threonine

e)

Methionine

64.

AGG

a)

Arginine

b)

Serine

c)

Lysine

d)

Threonine

e)

Methionine

65.

What are the parts of a nucleotide?

a)

sugar

b)

nucleotide

c)

nitrogenous base

d)

phosphate group

66.

Which bases are only found in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

e)

Guanine

67.

What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?

a)

the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases

b)

the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases

68.

Why is DNA important?

a)

it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

b)

because we eat it every day for energy

69.
Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?
a)
transcription
b)
translation
c)
replication 
70.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
71.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
72.

Which of these bases does not exist in RNA?

a)

C

b)

T

c)

U

d)

A

73.
An RNA molecule is
a)
double helix
b)
always double stranded
c)
usually double stranded
d)
single stranded
74.
How many bases are in one codon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
75.

What is the correct sequence to determine a trait?

a)
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
b)
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
c)
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
d)
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
76.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Tyrosine
77.
The end of meiosis results in  ____ to each other.
a)
2 cells that are identical
b)
4 cells that are identical
c)
2 cells that are not identical
d)
4 cells that are not identical
78.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
79.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
80.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
81.

During meiosis, if an organism has 10 chromosomes, how many will the new daughter cells have?

a)

10

b)

8

c)

5

d)

2

82.

Two cell divisions

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

both

83.

Daughter cells are gametes

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

both

84.

In humans, produces cells with 23 chromosomes

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

both

85.

In meiosis, what type of cells are being divided?

a)

Somatic (body)

b)

Sex (gametes)

86.

How many divisions occur in meiosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

4

87.

How many chromosomes do daughter cells have in meiosis?

a)

23

b)

32

c)

46

88.

Mother cell genetic make up compared to daughter cell in meiosis:

a)

Genetically unique

b)

Genetically identical

89.

How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

90.

Are haploid cells

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

91.

Crossing over occurs in

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

92.

What are homologous chromosomes?

a)

Pairs of chromosomes that have different lengths and carry genes that control different traits

b)

Pairs of chromosomes that have the same length and carry genes that control different traits

c)

Pairs of chromosomes that have the same length and carry genes that control the same traits

d)

Pairs of chromosomes that have different lengths and carry genes that control the same traits

93.

What is crossing over?

a)

The process by which homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles

b)

The process by which sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere

c)

The process by which chromosomal segments are exchanged between homologous chromosomes

d)

The process by which nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes

94.

This picture shows...

a)

Independent assortment of chromosomes

b)

Anaphase during mitosis

c)

Metaphase II during meiosis

d)

Crossing over homologous chromosomes

95.

What phase of Meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

a)

Anaphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

MetaphaseII

96.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Telophase II
97.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
98.

A haploid cell...

a)

has the complete amount of chromosomes (46)

b)

is represented by (2n)

c)

has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes

99.

Meiosis occurs in the _________________ of organisms.

a)

digestive organs (stomach, intestines)

b)

reproductive organs (testes, ovaries)

c)

sensory organs

(eyes, ears, nose)

100.
Which of the following cells is a gamete?
a)
egg
b)
bone
c)
heart
d)
muscle
101.
In mitosis cells are genetically _______, but in meiosis cells are genetically ______.
a)
diverse, identical
b)
identical, diverse/different
102.
The cells produced via meiosis are called:
a)
sex cells
b)
somatic cells
c)
body cells
d)
skin cells
103.
A human usually has xx amount of chromosomes.
a)
6
b)
22
c)
4
d)
46
104.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
105.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
106.
Chromosomes exchange genetic material during 
a)
crossing over
b)
replication
c)
synthesis
d)
translation
107.

A 2n cell of a bat has 44 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will you find in one of his gametes

a)

23

b)

22

c)

44

d)

88

108.

A haploid cell from a male camel has 35 chromosomes. What type of cell is this? Choose all that apply

a)

Sperm

b)

Egg

c)

Heart Cell

d)

Muscle Cell

109.
A Goat has 60 chromosomes in its body cells.  What is the haploid number?
a)
60
b)
30
c)
100
d)
120
110.
Body cells have diploid or haploid number of chromosomes?
a)
Haploid
b)
Diploid
111.

What phase is this?


Hint: membrane is disappearing

a)

Interphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

112.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
113.

This term refers to half the normal chromosome number

a)

haploid

b)

2N

c)

diploid

d)

3N

114.

All sperm and egg cells are genetically identical.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

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