WorksheetsLivestock Breeding Systems
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 19mins
Which of the following is NOT a step when designing a breeding program?
Setting goals
Choosing and weighing traits
Choosing offspring
Devising a strategy for selecting parents
Which of the following is NOT a way to select parents in a breeding program?
Grading up
Visual selection
Pedigree
Expected Progeny Differences
For which of the following EPD figures is a negative number more desirable?
Days to 250 and Backfat
Days to 250 and Loin Eye Area
Backfat and Pounds of Lean
Pounds of Lean and Days to 250
Which bull best fits the scenario, based on the table provided below? These bulls will be used in a rotational crossbreeding program. Bulls will be mated to both cows and heifers. The producers wants to maintain cow size at 1,150 to 1,250 pounds. Feed and labor are adequate. The top 40 percent of heifer calves will be retained, with the remainder of the cattle finished in a feedlot.
Bull 1
Bull 2
Bull 3
Bull 4
Which gilt best fits the scenario, based on the table provided below? These gilts will be used as a replacement in a purebred Yorkshire herd. The profit is mainly from the sale of performance tested boars and gilts to commercial swine operations; however, a few purebred boars are sold as herd sires. Hogs are raised in total confinement.
Gilt 1
Gilt 2
Gilt 3
Gilt 4
Which of the following is NOT a result of inbreeding?
Surfacing of deleterious gene
Increase uniformity
Noticeable improvement of fourth generation
Reduction in performance
What is the proper term for the measure of how inbred an animal is?
Inbreeding coefficient
Inbreeding measurement
Inbred ratio
Inbreeding results
What is the value of an animal as a parent?
Grading up
Breeding value
Hybrid vigor
Inbreeding coefficient
Which system consists of breeding purebred sires to commercial females?
Inbreeding
Linebreeding
Cross breeding
Grading up
The composite breeding system combines desirable traits of how many breeds of cattle?
One
Two
Two or more
There is no such thing as a composite breeding system
Which crossbreeding system produces replacement females through the rotation and produces crossbred offspring?
Rotational crossbreeding system
Rotational-terminal crossbreeding system
Static crossbreeding system
How does the modified static system differ from the static system?
Produces replacement females
Produces replacement males
Produces terminal sires
Produces terminal dams
In a two-breed rotational crossbreeding system, which generation and sire will have a 75 percent Breed A and 25 percent Breed B?
First generation; Breed B
Second generation; Breed A
Third generation; Breed B
Fourth generation; Breed A
In a static crossbreeding system, which of the following is true regarding replacement females?
Purchased or produced in a separate population
Purchased or produced in same operation
Produced in a rotational crossbreeding system
Purchased from a composite breeding system
Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of embryo transfer?
Greater use of genetically superior females
Decreases time and supervision of female herd
Fast way to acquire offspring for progeny testing
Allow females with long gestation periods to meet their genetic material
Pen mating is mostly used by which of the following?
Commercial breeders
Purebred breeders
Inbreeding breeders
Small operations
What is the first step in the process of AI?
Select the bull
Detect when female is in heat
Introduce semen into uterus
Collect semen
Which mating system results in maximum breeding by a superior male?
Pen mating
Stud mating
Hand mating
Embryo transfer
What is the process by which semen from the male is placed in the reproduction tract of the female through methods other than natural service?
Hand mating
Embryo transfer
Stud mating
Artificial insemination
What is the first step in developing a breeding program?
Setting goals
Choosing and weighing traits
Determining measurement
Devising a strategy for selecting parents
What type of breeding system is designed to take advantage of both hybrid vigor and breeding value?
Pure breeding
Impure breeding
Crossbreeding
Multi-breeding
In which type of crossbreeding system must replacement females be purchased from or produced in a separate environment?
Rotational crossbreeding system
Static crossbreeding system
Rotational-terminal crossbreeding system
Modified static crossbreeding system
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of artificial insemination?
Decrease spread of disease
Increase the number of offspring from a superior sire
Identifies the sire for fertility
Increases the number of sires needed
What method of breeding is used to develop specialized “lines” of animals?
Inbreeding
Crossbreeding
Pure breeding
Multi-breeding
Selection of which parent is more important when a producer is developing a breeding program?
Sire selection
Dam selection
Selection of both parents is equally important
Selection of the parents is not important
If you choose grading up as the method of breeding for your operation, what generation would you see the most evidence of improvement?
Second generation
Third generation
Fourth generation
Fifth generation
What is hybrid vigor?
Crossbred offspring exceeds the average of the two parental breeds
The value of an animal as a parent
The performance expected from the progeny of each sire or dam
The mating of related individuals in which the sire and dam share at least one ancestor
What two types of breeding systems are generally used by individuals in the purebred industry?
Inbreeding and linebreeding
Crossbreeding and inbreeding
Crossbreeding and linebreeding
Half breeding and full breeding
What method of breeding can increase conception rates by five to ten percent?
Artificial breeding
Stud mating
Pen mating
Hand mating
What are lowly heritable traits?
Traits that respond slowly to selection due to environmental issues
Offspring from a male and female of the same breed
A combination of two or more breeds in controlled ratios
A planned breeding regimen of several generations of selective crossing
What is the term for offspring from a male and female of the same breed?
Purebred
Crossbred
Composite
Outcrossed
What is the drawback of inbreeding?
Decreases genetic variation and increases chances of undesirable traits
Provides breed traits that are superior to or stronger than those of the parents
Produces a uniform group of animals with a fixed percentage of each breed's genotypes
Mates unrelated individuals within a breed to obtain 'new' genetics
What is the term for the crossing of two breeds with the offspring exhibiting superior traits?
Heterosis
Line breeding
Terminal cross
Mixed breeding
What is the term for mating unrelated individuals within a breed to produce superior offspring?
Outcrossing
Composite breeding
Line breeding
Crossbreeding
Match the Following
“family tree” for a particular animal usually in the form of a chart
Pedigree
breeding of parent-offspring, sibling-sibling, or similar to increase desired
Inbreeding
similar to crossbreeding but no strict adherence to fixed breed ratios
Mixed Breeding
offspring from a male and female of the same breed
Purebred
