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WorksheetsHydraulic Engineering Quiz
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 23mins
Head of water at a point is defined as:
Velocity of water
Pressure acting on soil
Height to which water rises in a piezometer
Length of seepage path
Which head is indicated by a piezometer reading?
Velocity head only
Pressure head only
Pressure head + elevation head
Total head including velocity
Head loss in seepage flow represents:
Loss of discharge
Loss of energy per unit weight
Reduction in velocity
Reduction in depth
Head loss between two points in seepage is due to:
Gravity
Turbulence
Friction in soil pores
Atmospheric pressure
Hydraulic Gradient Line (HGL) is obtained by joining:
Flow lines
Equipotential lines
Piezometer levels
Velocity vectors
Which head causes overflow over a weir?
Seepage head
Exit head
Head over crest
Pressure head below floor
Total seepage head is defined as:
Height of weir
Head over crest
Difference between U/S and D/S water levels
Length of creep path
Head loss along seepage path is assumed linear in:
Khosla’s theory
Darcy’s law
Bligh’s theory
Laplace equation
Piezometer tubes are used to measure:
Velocity
Pressure distribution
Discharge
Soil permeability
Bligh’s theory is based on:
Potential flow theory
Empirical observations
Laplace equation
Flow nets
According to Bligh, total creep length is proportional to:
Discharge
Velocity
Seepage head
Floor thickness
Bligh’s formula for creep length is:
L = H/C
L = H²
L = C × H
L = H + C
Bligh’s coefficient depends on:
Water depth
Soil type
Floor thickness
Discharge
A major limitation of Bligh’s theory is:
Complex calculations
Ignores seepage
Assumes linear head loss
Cannot be used for canals
In Bligh’s theory, vertical and horizontal creep are:
Treated differently
Ignored
Treated equally
Considered unsafe
Bligh’s theory is most suitable for:
Rock foundations
Low head structures
High dams
Arch dams
Safety against piping in Bligh’s theory is ensured by:
Increasing discharge
Increasing floor thickness
Increasing creep length
Reducing head
Bligh’s theory is now considered:
Exact
Unsafe
Overly conservative
Outdated but useful for basics
Khosla’s theory is based on:
Darcy’s law only
Empirical relations
Laplace’s equation
Bernoulli’s equation
Laplace’s equation for seepage in 2D is:
∂ϕ/∂x = 0
∂²ϕ/∂y² + ∂²ϕ/∂z² = 0
∂ϕ/∂t = 0
∂²q/∂x² = 0
In Khosla’s theory, ϕ represents:
Velocity potential
Discharge ratio
Pressure head ratio
Exit gradient
If total seepage head is 10 m and pressure head at exit is 2 m, ϕE is:
0.1
0.2
0.5
2.0
Lambda (λ) represents:
Soil permeability
Pressure ratio
Geometric parameter
Exit gradient
λ depends on the ratio of:
Head to discharge
Floor thickness to depth
Floor length to cut-off depth
Head to velocity
In Khosla’s theory, pressure distribution is:
Linear
Stepwise
Non-linear
Uniform
ϕ values are obtained from:
Direct measurement
Assumption
Khosla’s charts
Bligh’s formula
Khosla’s theory explicitly checks safety against:
Sliding
Overturning
Piping
Seepage quantity
The most critical location for piping is:
Upstream end
Crest
Cut-off base
Downstream exit
Correction for pile interference is needed when:
Floor is thin
Only one pile exists
More than one cut-off exists
Head is small
Khosla’s theory is more accurate than Bligh’s because it considers:
Longer floors
Exit gradient
Velocity head
Crest height
If H = 6 m and C = 10, creep length by Bligh is:
16 m
60 m
6 m
10 m
If q = 6 m³/s/m, head over crest is obtained using:
Darcy’s law
Bligh’s equation
q = 1.7 h³ᐟ²
Laplace equation
If pressure head at a point is 3 m and total seepage head is 6 m, ϕ =
0.25
0.5
1.5
2.0
Khosla’s theory applies to:
Unsteady flow
Compressible soil
Steady seepage in homogeneous soil
Turbulent seepage
Exit gradient is a measure of:
Velocity
Head loss
Hydraulic safety against piping
Discharge
Khosla’s charts are preferred because they:
Avoid seepage
Reduce discharge
Simplify complex mathematics
Increase creep length
What is meant by “head of water at a point”?
The head of water at a point is the energy per unit weight of water at that point.
It is measured as the height to which water rises in a piezometer installed at that point.
Both statement right.
Only 1 is right
A weir passes 200 m³/s over a length of 40 m. Find discharge intensity.
0.2 cumec/m
5 cumes/m
correct
Find head over crest for q = 0.5cumec per m
1.5m
2m
1.9m
A weir has height 2 m above LWL and shutter height 0.5 m. If flood head ℎ = 2.0m, find upstream water level above LWL.
4.5m
2.5m
4m
If downstream water level is 1.0 m above bed and upstream level is 6.0 m above bed, find seepage head.
5m
9m
6m
Using Bligh’s theory, find total creep length if H = 5 m and C = 12.
(a)
If total seepage head H = 10 m and pressure head at a point is 3 m, find ϕ at that point.
(a)
(a)
