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WorksheetsExam 1 prep
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 26mins
What are the primary functions of the placenta?
Circulation
Hormone Production
Protection
Oxygenation
Normal placental gas exchange will cause maternal and fetal blood to mix
True
False
Which structure allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the fetal liver?
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
Umbilical vein
Ductus venosus
The nurse notes gradual decreases in fetal heart rate that mirror contractions. Which interpretation is correct?
Early decelerations caused by uteroplacental insufficiency
Late decelerations caused by cord compression
Early decelerations caused by head compression
Variable decelerations caused by fetal hypoxia
What is the primary purpose of the foramen ovale in fetal circulation?
To direct blood from the right ventricle to the aorta
To shunt blood from the right atrium to the left atrium
To bypass the fetal liver
To connect the pulmonary artery to the aorta
A fetal heart rate tracing shows abrupt decreases in heart rate with variable timing related to contractions. Which is the most likely cause?
Head compression
Cord compression
Uteroplacental insufficiency
Fetal sleep cycle
The nurse knows the third stage of labor begins with which event?
Crowning
Full dilation
Delivery of the newborn
Delivery of the placenta
Which fetal heart rate pattern is most concerning and requires immediate intervention?
Early decelerations
Variable decelerations with rapid recovery
Late decelerations
Moderate variability
Sarah is currently pregnant, she had two deliveries after 37 weeks, one baby was born preterm at 25 weeks, and she had a miscarriage at 16 weeks. She currently has 3 living children, what is her GTPAL?
G4 P2114
G5 P1113
G5 P2113
G4 P3013
A laboring patient is fully dilated, has an epidural and an indwelling Foley catheter. She is ready to begin pushing. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Assist the patient in positioning and encourage her to push
Remove the Foley catheter immediately
Clamp and drain Foley catheter, then begin pushing
Begin IV bolus of LR
Which prenatal screening test is used to detect neural tube defects?
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Nonstress test (NST)
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Amniocentesis
In fetal circulation which vessels carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta?
Umbilical veins
Pulmonary arteries
Umbilical arteries
Inferior vena cava
Which pelvic shape is most ideal for vaginal delivery?
Anthropoid
Android
Gynecoid
Platypelloid
A patient who is 11 weeks gestation has had a positive screening for genetic abnormalities, the provider recommends that they perform a ______ to diagnose any chromosomal conditions
Nuchal Translucency
Amniocentesis
CVS
CfDNA testing
What are the positive indications of pregnancy?
Fetal auscultation of heart tones
Fetal visualization by ultrasound
Maternal sensation of fetal movement
Fetal movement felt through the abdomen by clinician
Which immunization is recommended during pregnancy?
MMR
Varicella
Tdap
Live influenza vaccine
Which structure connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetus?
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
Umbilical vein
Ductus venosus
A woman calls the OB office and explains that she has missed her period, she is having nausea/vomiting, fatigue and breast tenderness; the nurse knows these are
Presumptive signs of pregnancy
Probable signs of pregnancy
Positive signs of pregnancy
Which prenatal screening test is commonly performed between 15–20 weeks gestation?
Nonstress test
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Group B streptococcus screening
Glucose tolerance test
During labor which fetal position is the most desirable for a vaginal delivery?
occiput anterior
transverse
occiput posterior
asynclitic
A pregnant patient reports the first day of her last menstrual period (LMP) as March 10. Using Nagele’s rule (Add 7 days, subtract 3 months), what is the estimated due date?
December 10
December 17
January 3
January 17
Which hormone surges to trigger ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone
Corpus Luteum
Progesterone
Estrogen
If IV opioids are being administered for pain relief during labor the nurse should administer the medication at the beginning of a contraction
True
False
Where does fertilization occur?
Ovary
Fundus
Fallopian Tube
Uterus
Which prenatal visit timeline is expected for an uncomplicated pregnancy?
Every four weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until delivery
Every four weeks until 32 weeks and then biweekly until delivery
Every four weeks until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until delivery
Every 4 weeks until 20 weeks, then every 2 weeks until 28 weeks, and then weekly until delivery
Beth is currently pregnant, and has had one full-term delivery of twins, one preterm delivery at 32 weeks, and one miscarriage at 10 weeks. All children are currently living
G5 P1113
G4P1113
G4 P2113
G4 P1114
Which finding indicates the client has entered the second stage of labor?
Cervical dilation of 6 cm
Rupture of membranes
Full cervical dilation
Placental separation
Which statement best describes nuchal translucency screening?
It is a diagnostic test for neural tube defects
It measures fetal neck fluid to assess chromosomal risk
It confirms fetal lung maturity
It is performed during the third trimester
Which prenatal test is considered a screening—not diagnostic—tool for chromosomal abnormalities?
CVS
Quad screen
Amniocentesis
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
A fetus is diagnosed with trisomy 18. Which nurse response is most appropriate?
“Most infants with this condition live into adulthood.”
“This condition is typically compatible with long-term survival.”
“This condition is associated with severe developmental and physical abnormalities.”
“Treatment after birth usually corrects the condition.”
The nurse identifies uterine tachysystole when contractions occur:
Less than 3 in 10 minutes
More than 5 in 10 minutes
Every 5 minutes
With moderate intensity
During labor, the fetal heart rate shows sudden deep variable decelerations. What nursing action is most appropriate?
Apply oxygen
Increase IV fluids
Perform a vaginal exam
Administer oxytocin
Which statement by a pregnant patient indicates correct understanding of the BPP?
“It tells me if my baby has genetic problems.”
“It measures how mature my baby’s lungs are.”
“It evaluates how well my baby is doing right now.”
“It guarantees my baby will not have complications.”
A laboring client is about to receive an epidural. Which assessment is most important before administration?
Maternal blood pressure
Fetal heart rate
Cervical dilation
Maternal pain level
Who is more likely to inherit and be affected by sex-linked disorders?
Males
Females
Equal chances
When is the fetus at the highest risk from teratogens?
Implantation
pre-embryonic stage
zygotic phase
embryonic stage
A pregnant patient asks why folic acid is important before and during early pregnancy. The nurse explains it helps prevent:
Cleft palate
Cardiac defects
Neural tube defects
Chromosomal nondisjunction
Which happens if the egg is fertilized
FSH increases
LH increases
Progesterone increases
Estrogen decreases
The nurse knows opioid analgesics during labor can cause:
Respiratory depression in the mother and newborn
Increased uterine contractions
Acceleration of labor
High risk of postpartum hemorrhage
Cystic Fibrosis is a recessive gene
True
False
Which nursing interventions are appropriate for a client with an epidural?
Monitor blood pressure every 5–15 minutes initially
Encourage ambulation during active labor
Assess motor and sensory block levels
Monitor fetal heart rate continuously
Administer IV push opioids
Which contraction pattern is concerning and requires immediate intervention?
Contractions every 3 minutes lasting 60 seconds
Resting tone of 10 mmHg
Uterine tachysystole
Progressive cervical dilation
Which intervention is the priority for late decelerations?
Continue monitoring
Administer oxytocin
Reposition the client
Perform a vaginal exam
When progesterone levels decrease, what does this signal to the body?
Ovulation is about to occur
The endometrial lining should be maintained
The corpus luteum is increasing hormone production
The endometrial lining should be shed
The nurse palpates a boggy uterus in a postpartum client. What is the nurse’s first action?
Notify the provider
Administer oxytocin
Massage the fundus
Straight cath to assist patient in voiding
The nurse enters the labor room and finds the patient’s husband holding the nitrous oxide mask to her face during a contraction. What is the nurse’s best action?
Leave the husband to help and monitor the patient.
Remove the mask and instruct the patient that she must self-administer the nitrous oxide.
Ask the husband to hold the mask more firmly so the patient can breathe it in.
Turn off the nitrous oxide because it is no longer safe.
After epidural placement, the nurse notes the client’s blood pressure drops from 120/78 to 88/54 mmHg. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Call anesthesia
Administer a bolus of IV fluid
Encourage the client to breathe deeply
Reposition the client supine
Nursing considerations when administering opioids during labor include:
Monitor maternal respiratory rate
Monitor fetal heart rate and variability
Administer within 1 hour of expected delivery
Assess for nausea, vomiting, or sedation
Encourage ambulation after administration
A patient develops late decelerations shortly after receiving an epidural. Her blood pressure is 86/52 mmHg. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Apply oxygen
Increase IV fluids
Notify the provider
Perform a vaginal exam
A postpartum client has a firm uterus that is deviated to the right. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
Massage the fundus
Assist the client to void
Administer oxytocin
Apply ice to the perineum
