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WorksheetsHST: Infection Control
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 51mins
Which pathogen type is Escherichia coli (E. coli)?
Virus causing respiratory illness
Helminth transmitted by vectors
Bacteria commonly found in intestines
Fungus affecting lung tissue
Varicella (chickenpox) is best classified as which pathogen type?
Fungus forming spores
Virus causing skin rash
Bacteria with rod-shaped cells
Parasite living externally
Pinworms belong to which parasite classification?
Ectoparasites on body surface
Helminths parasitic worms
Protozoa single-celled organisms
Bacteria spiral-shaped
Which statement describes coccus bacterial shape?
Spiral corkscrew-shaped cells
Curved comma-like cells
Rod-shaped elongated cells
Round spherical-shaped cells
Spirillum bacteria are characterized by which structure?
Round spherical morphology
Rod straight morphology
Spiral corkscrew morphology
Curved comma morphology
Which term describes rod-shaped bacteria?
Spirillum spiral bacteria
Coccus round bacteria
Bacillus rod bacteria
Vibrio curved bacteria
Which is a correct match of parasite type to example?
Helminths—pinworms
Ectoparasites—malaria
Protozoa—lice and ticks
Protozoa—parasitic worms
Tuberculosis primarily affects which body system?
Digestive tract and stomach
Respiratory system lungs
Urinary kidneys bladder
Circulatory heart vessels
MRSA stands for which bacterial infection?
Metabolic Resistant Staphylococcus aeruginosa
Mycobacterium Resistant Streptococcus aureus
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Multidrug Resistant Salmonella aureus
Why are TB and MRSA difficult to treat?
They cannot survive longer than a week
They are limited to acute infections
They respond quickly to antivirals
They are resistant to common antibiotics
Which factor often required for TB treatment?
No medication needed
Topical ointment therapy
Longer treatment courses
Short single-dose therapy
How is tuberculosis commonly spread?
Through airborne transmission
Via contaminated food
Through blood transfusion
By insect bites
Which action increases TB transmission risk?
Handwashing after meals
Using sterile instruments
Wearing N95 respirators
Coughing sneezing speaking singing
Rhinovirus typically spreads through which routes?
Contaminated water ingestion
Direct contact and respiratory droplets
Airborne long-distance travel
Vector-borne mosquito bites
Coronavirus transmission is best spread by which route?
Respiratory droplets and close contact
Airborne only long distances
Fecal-oral contaminated food
Vector-borne tick exposure
Mumps is a viral infection primarily affecting which glands?
Sebaceous skin glands
Adrenal cortical glands
Salivary parotid glands
Thyroid endocrine glands
Measles is highly contagious and spreads mainly through which route?
Direct contact only
Airborne transmission
Bloodborne exposure
Vector-borne transmission
Influenza commonly spreads through which mechanisms?
Fecal-oral water route
Vector tick-borne exposure
Airborne long-distance only
Droplets and contaminated surfaces
Which transmission modes are associated with varicella in healthcare settings?
Indirect contact through fomites
Fecal-oral and vector-borne
Droplet only transmission mode
Airborne and direct contact spread
An Exposure Control Plan must be updated on what schedule?
Annually every year update
Quarterly each three months
Only when incidents occur
Biannually every two years
A healthcare worker may return to work when which condition is met first?
No longer contagious status
Received any antibiotic
Has taken two sick days
Symptoms began improving
Which is a common symptom of infectious diseases in patients?
Improved appetite levels
Hair growth changes
Increased energy bursts
Fever among systemic signs
Which pair best represents OSHA/AHA bloodborne pathogen guidance?
Use Standard Precautions consistently
Avoid reporting exposures
Prioritize hand lotion supplies
Dispose sharps in regular trash
Under OSHA bloodborne pathogen rules, which training schedule applies to employees?
Every two years refreshers
Only after an exposure event
At hire and annually sessions
Monthly staff briefings only
Which vaccine must be offered to covered employees under OSHA?
Varicella live vaccine
Seasonal influenza shot
Tetanus-diphtheria booster
Hepatitis B immunization
A sterile package is considered sterile only if which condition holds?
Intact despite visible soil
Expired yet unopened
Wet but sealed properly
Dry, intact, not expired
Which additional factor confirms sterile package integrity?
Stored above eye level
Label handwritten clearly
Not punctured or torn
Wrapped in colored tape
What is the standard autoclave temperature used for sterilization?
250°F or 121°C
212°F or 100°C
350°F or 177°C
180°F or 82°C
How long should wrapped items be autoclaved to achieve sterilization?
Thirty minutes exposure
Forty minutes exposure
Ten minutes exposure
Fifteen minutes exposure
How long should unwrapped items remain in the autoclave cycle?
Twenty minutes duration
Five minutes duration
Thirty-five minutes duration
Ten minutes duration
A medical assistant should wear gloves in which routine situation?
Measuring blood pressure
Touching mucous membranes
Handing out paperwork
Discussing care plans
Which statement best defines aseptic technique for clinical procedures?
Rules for rapid room turnover
Methods enhancing patient comfort only
Practices preventing contamination and infection
Steps to sterilize all furniture
Which procedure commonly requires strict aseptic technique?
Administering injections safely
Scheduling follow-up visits
Fitting crutches properly
Taking oral temperatures
Which statement best distinguishes medical asepsis from surgical asepsis?
Uses PPE without hand hygiene steps
Prevents only bloodborne pathogen spread
Eliminates all microorganisms from field
Reduces microorganisms to lower infection risk
Which goal defines surgical asepsis in clinical practice?
Limit contamination to acceptable levels
Eliminate all microorganisms completely
Reduce patient exposure during care
Lower risk with routine cleaning only
Which procedure relies most on maintaining medical asepsis rather than surgical asepsis?
Open-heart valve replacement
Operating room organ transplant
Neurosurgical craniotomy setup
Routine wound care dressing changes
Which action is the single most important aseptic procedure in healthcare settings?
Using sterile instrument packs
Disinfecting floors daily
Wearing gowns during procedures
Handwashing before and after care
What minimum alcohol concentration should a hand sanitizer contain to be effective?
Above seventy-five percent alcohol
Exactly fifty percent alcohol
About forty percent alcohol
At least sixty percent alcohol
How long should you scrub your hands during proper handwashing?
At least twenty seconds total
Around ten seconds quickly
Approximately thirty-five seconds
Under fifteen seconds maximum
Arrange the first three steps of proper handwashing.
Wet hands, scrub, apply
Wet hands, apply soap, scrub
Apply soap, scrub, wet
Scrub, wet, apply soap
Which final step helps prevent recontamination after drying hands?
Air-dry without touching sink
Rinse again for five seconds
Use towel to turn off faucet
Remove gloves before drying
Which example represents direct transmission of infection?
Touching infected blood or body fluids
Breathing air near open window
Eating sealed food from cafeteria
Sharing clean towels between staff
What is the correct order of the six links in the chain of infection?
Agent, reservoir, exit, transmission, entry, host
Host, agent, reservoir, transmission, exit, entry
Entry, host, transmission, agent, exit, reservoir
Reservoir, agent, entry, exit, host, transmission
Which term describes a contaminated object that can spread disease?
Fomite as in a shared thermometer
Vector like a biting mosquito
Exudate from a healing wound
Macrophage engulfing pathogens
Which definition correctly matches “vector”?
White blood cell that engulfs pathogens
Fluid draining from an open wound
Living carrier such as mosquito or tick
Contaminated object like a doorknob
Which item is NOT part of common PPE used in healthcare?
Antibiotic pills for prevention
Masks for respiratory protection
Sterile gloves for patient care
Face shields to protect eyes
Which PPE is most widely used across routine patient interactions?
Gowns for every encounter
Respirators for all staff
Gloves for barrier protection
Face shields for screening
Which component in the chain of infection is most directly interrupted by hand hygiene?
Mode of transmission between contacts
Reservoir housing the pathogen
Susceptible host immune function
Portal of exit from the source
A nurse touches exudate from a wound without gloves and then handles a thermometer. Which link and route most likely enable spread to the next patient?
Susceptible host through vaccination
Reservoir shift through clean instruments
Portal of exit via respiratory droplets
Mode of transmission via fomite contact
Which statement best describes chemical sterilization for equipment?
Equipment soaked in chemical disinfectants
Equipment stored in sterile packaging only
Equipment exposed to dry heat for minutes
Equipment wiped with alcohol briefly
How long does chemical sterilization typically require to complete?
2–4 hours depending device
10–24 hours total duration
Over 48 hours in most cases
30–60 minutes average time
After a needlestick injury, which action should be taken first?
Report immediately to supervisor
Seek prompt medical evaluation
Complete incident documentation
Wash area with soap and water
Which step directly follows washing after a needlestick exposure?
Begin post‑exposure protocol
Complete an incident report
Notify the supervisor
Flush the exposed area
Which item must be disposed of as biohazard waste?
Blood‑soaked materials
Unused gauze in clean wrapper
Paper towels from clean sink
Unbroken glass medication vial
Which of the following is classified as biohazard waste?
Clean linen for next patient
Contaminated PPE
Unused sterile syringes
Sealed medication blister packs
Which disease requires droplet precautions?
Influenza infection
Tuberculosis disease
Chickenpox illness
Hepatitis B virus
Which pathogens are associated with contact precautions?
Norovirus and polio
MRSA and C. diff
Influenza and mumps
Measles and TB
Which illnesses call for airborne precautions?
Norovirus and RSV
Influenza and mumps
Tuberculosis and measles
MRSA and C. diff
Which characteristic increases a person’s susceptibility to infection?
Young adult age
Recent vaccination
Excellent nutrition
Weak immune system
In exposure categories, what does Category II indicate?
Airborne pathogen exposure only
Exposure with broken skin involved
No exposure of any kind
Exposure to blood or body fluids
Which detail must be included on a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
Patient instruction forms
Employee pay schedule
Daily housekeeping tasks
Hazards of the chemical
Which is a high‑level disinfectant listed in the material?
Glutaraldehyde agent
Alcohol solution
Bleach mixture
Hydrogen peroxide
During blood pressure measurement, which precaution is recommended?
Skip hand hygiene when gloves
Share cuffs across patients
Ignore minor open skin wounds
Clean equipment between uses
Which statement best describes sodium hypochlorite in healthcare settings?
Iodine used for surgical instrument soaking
Ammonia used for equipment sterilization
Alcohol used mainly for hand hygiene
Bleach used as a disinfectant for surfaces
When disinfecting equipment and surfaces, what solution is appropriate?
Soap solution for routine handwashing
Sterile water without any additives
Bleach solution or EPA‑approved disinfectant
Hand sanitizer with 60% alcohol
What is the correct rule for managing a full sharps container?
Leave open until housekeeping collects
Compact contents to create extra space
Do not overfill; close and replace immediately
Transfer needles into regular trash bags
In proper PPE donning, when should gloves be put on relative to other items?
Last on after other PPE items
Only if contact precautions are posted
First on before all other PPE
After gown but before mask
During doffing, when are gloves removed compared to the gown?
Gloves kept on until outside the room
Gloves and gown removed at the same time
Gown removed first, then gloves later
Gloves removed before taking off the gown
When is a respirator worn in the sequence of PPE?
Only during doffing after mask removal
After gloves when leaving the room
Before exposure as part of donning
Worn instead of a gown for contact care
Which step is correct for handling highly infectious linens?
Place in biohazard laundry bags
Rinse with water at the bedside
Shake to remove debris first
Carry uncovered to the laundry
What instruction applies to infectious linen handling to reduce aerosolization?
Do not shake linens at any point
Shake gently before bagging
Shake only inside the laundry room
Shake while wearing heavy gloves
What does OSHA require employers to provide regarding PPE?
PPE purchased by each employee
PPE with partial reimbursement
PPE only for high‑risk units
PPE at no cost to employees
Which face shield timing is correct within PPE use?
Before gown and after respirator
After mask and before gloves
Before mask and after gown
After gloves and before respirator
Read and Analyze the question on the picture and answer correctly:
(a)
Organize these pathogens into the right categories
Strep Throat
Tuberculosis
Bubonic Plague
Flu
Common Cold
Measles
HIV
Ringworm
Yeast Infection
Athlete's Foot
Which type of pathogen is responsible for causing the flu, chicken pox, and yellow fever?
viruses
parasites
fungi
bacteria
Which pathogen has spores that are carried through the air?
protist/parasite
fungi
bacteria
virus
Why do antibiotics destroy bacterial cells but have no effect on viruses?
Viruses are made up of organic molecules that are too small to be targeted by antibiotics.
Viruses are not alive and do not carry out the life functions that are stopped by antibiotics
Viruses do not possess the protein coat that is targeted by all antibiotics
Bacteria that cause disease are referred to as (a)
What does a vaccine do?
a) Immediately kills every pathogen
b) Trains the immune system to recognize pathogens
Makes you sick on purpose
Cures all diseases
What is the main benefit of mass vaccination?
a) It is cheaper for hospitals
b) It helps create herd immunity
c) It eliminates the need for washing hands
d) It replaces medicine
Match the following
can be kill with antibiotics
bacteria
depend on a host cell to replicate
viruses
contains a nucleus
eukaryote
no nucleus
prokaryote
contains membrane bound organelles
eukaryote
Antibiotics ________ treat viral infections.
can
cannot
Are larger in size
Viruses
Bacteria
Both viruses and bacteria
