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Model Quiz IA1

Total questions: 150

Worksheet time: 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which IoT characteristic allows devices to adjust their behavior based on changing environmental context?

a)

Unique Identity

b)

Dynamic Nature

c)

Scalability

d)

Connectivity

2.

In the IoT functional blocks, who is responsible for managing device authentication and authorization?

a)

Communication Block

b)

Application Block

c)

Security Block

d)

Device Block

3.

What is the primary function of an Actuator in an IoT system?

a)

To sense changes in the environment

b)

To perform a physical action

c)

To route packets

d)

To store data

4.

Which layer of the IoT 7-Layer model focuses on the Data aspect and Storage requirements?

a)

Connectivity

b)

Data Accumulation

c)

Edge Computing

d)

Physical Devices

5.

The ability of different IT systems to exchange and make use of information is called:

a)

Interoperability

b)

Intelligence

c)

Sensing

d)

Safety

6.

In a smart city, sensors send data to a buzzer in the central office, which plays it. This is known as:

a)

Simplex

b)

Half-Duplex

c)

Full-Duplex

d)

Multicast

7.

Which metric measures the actual state of successful data delivery over a series of attempts?

a)

Throughput

b)

Jitter

c)

Packet Loss

d)

Latency

8.

A smart irrigation system that sends data only when soil moisture falls below 20% is using:

a)

Event-Driven Communication

b)

Continuous Streaming

c)

Batch Processing

d)

Request-Response

9.

In the Publish-Subscribe model, what happens to the producer if the consumer goes offline?

a)

The producer crashes

b)

The producer continues to work (Decoupled)

c)

The producer waits

d)

The network reboots

10.

Which communication model involves a persistent, full-duplex connection between client and server?

a)

Request-Response

b)

Exclusive Pair

c)

Push-Pull

d)

Simplex

11.

What is the Payload in an IoT packet?

a)

The header data

b)

The actual sensor data

c)

The MAC address

d)

The routing path

12.

Which functional block allows an IoT system to be managed remotely (reboot, updates)?

a)

Management Block

b)

Security Block

c)

Device Block

d)

Application Block

13.

A Node in a wireless sensor network is another name for a:

a)

Cloud Server

b)

Sensor Node

c)

Gateway

d)

Router

14.

Which IoT characteristic ensures that every sensor can be reached via a specific IP or ID?

a)

Unique Identity

b)

Intelligence

c)

Sensing

d)

Action

15.

What is the main advantage of the Device-to-Cloud (D2C) model?

a)

Limited reachability of data

b)

Global accessibility of data

c)

High internet needed

d)

Higher latency

16.

In the IoT framework, which layer is responsible for Data Element Analysis?

a)

Physical Devices

b)

Edge Computing

c)

Collaboration

d)

Data Accumulation

17.

Which performance metric is most critical for a real-time heart rate monitor used in surgery?

a)

Latency

b)

Throughput

c)

Aesthetic Design

d)

Storage Capacity

18.

In a Push-Pull model, what acts as the buffer to hold data for a slow consumer?

a)

Queue

b)

Broker

c)

Gateway

d)

Actuator

19.

Which functional block provides the interface for the end-user to interact with the IoT system?

a)

Application Block

b)

Device Block

c)

Management Block

d)

Communication Block

20.

The physical design of an IoT system primarily involves:

a)

APIs and Protocols

b)

Hardware and Link Layer

c)

Functional Blocks

d)

Application logic

21.

Which application layer protocol uses a Topic-based architecture for message routing?

a)

CoAP

b)

MQTT

c)

HTTP

d)

XMPP

22.

In the MQTT protocol, which QoS level ensures the message is delivered exactly once?

a)

QoS 0

b)

QoS 1

c)

QoS 2

d)

QoS 3

23.

Which protocol is designed to be RESTful and uses UDP as its transport layer?

a)

HTTP

b)

CoAP

c)

DDS

d)

DoS

24.

What is the primary role of 6LoWPAN in the IoT protocol stack?

a)

Data Encryption

b)

IPv6 Header Compression

c)

Power Generation

d)

Physical Sensing

25.

Which technology allows a 128-bit IPv6 address to function over a low-power IEEE 802.15.4 link?

a)

6LoWPAN

b)

Bluetooth

c)

ZigBee

d)

Wi-Fi

26.

In IoT, what is the Keep-Alive mechanism used for?

a)

To save battery

b)

To check if the client is still connected

c)

To increase speed

d)

To encrypt data

27.

Which protocol is most suitable for instant messaging and presence information in IoT?

a)

XMPP

b)

CoAP

c)

6LoWPAN

d)

FTP

28.

Which of the following is a key consideration criterion for IoT protocols processing?

a)

Energy Efficiency

b)

Interoperability

c)

Scalability

d)

Security

29.

Which protocol overhead refers to the extra header bits sent with the payload?

a)

The cost of the protocol

b)

The number of users

c)

Extra header bits sent with the payload

d)

The speed of CPU

30.

Which network analyzer tool is used to inspect the structure of MQTT packets?

a)

Wireshark

b)

NS-3

c)

MATLAB

d)

Excel

31.

What is the main purpose of using a Network Simulator like NS-3?

a)

To code Arduino

b)

To test large networks without hardware

c)

To build gateways

d)

To design sensors

32.

In a performance evaluation, what does the Packet Loss Ratio indicate?

a)

Percentage of packets that failed to arrive

b)

Battery level

c)

Number of sensors

d)

Amount of memory

33.

Which protocol would you choose for a lossy network where a broker is not available?

a)

CoAP

b)

XMPP

c)

MQTT

d)

AMQP

34.

What is the size of the fixed header in a basic MQTT packet?

a)

2 bytes

b)

8 bytes

c)

20 bytes

d)

40 bytes

35.

In a wireless IoT system, what is the most critical performance benchmark?

a)

Latency/Reliability

b)

Physical color

c)

Notepad

d)

Word

36.

What tool is best for visualizing real-time data throughput in a simulated environment?

a)

MATLAB/NS-3

b)

Notepad

c)

Word

d)

Excel

37.

Which MQTT QoS level is known as Fire and Forget?

a)

QoS 0

b)

QoS 1

c)

QoS 2

d)

QoS 3

38.

In the CoAP protocol, what does the Observe feature allow a client to do?

a)

Get updates when a resource changes

b)

Encrypt the network

c)

Delete the data

d)

Throttle throughput

39.

Which protocol provides Quality of Service (QoS) levels for reliable messaging?

a)

HTTP

b)

MQTT

c)

CoAP

d)

IPv6

40.

Which evaluation metric is used to measure the rate of data successfully received?

a)

Bandwidth

b)

Throughput

c)

Jitter

d)

Latency

41.

Which integration challenge refers to the difficulty of managing thousands of devices simultaneously?

a)

Security

b)

Interoperability

c)

Latency

d)

Scalability

42.

An IoT device that works with one cloud but cannot talk to another brand's cloud faces:

a)

Vendor Lock-in

b)

High Latency

c)

Low Throughput

d)

Poor QoS

43.

Which factor is a major Physical integration challenge for IoT sensors in industrial internet?

a)

API documentation

b)

CPU clock speed

c)

Environmental conditions (IP rating)

d)

Cloud cost

44.

Why is Security a harder challenge in IoT than in traditional IT?

a)

Sensors have no IP

b)

Limited CPU/RAM for encryption

c)

Data is not important

d)

Sensors are too fast

45.

Which integration challenge makes sure a smart camera can work with different wireless protocols (ZigBee, Wi‑Fi)?

a)

Protocol interoperability

b)

Storage capacity

c)

Data redundancy

d)

User interface

46.

Which network topology provides energy efficiency along with redundancy?

a)

Star Topology

b)

Ring Topology

c)

Bus Topology

d)

Mesh Topology

47.

In a network where all devices are connected to a central hub (i.e., Wi‑Fi router) is called:

a)

Star Topology

b)

Ring Topology

c)

Mesh Topology

d)

Bus Topology

48.

Which OSI layer is responsible for translating data into a format like JSON or XML for the application?

a)

Session Layer

b)

Data Link Layer

c)

Transport Layer

d)

Physical Layer

49.

Which OSI layer handles the routing of packets between different network stacks?

a)

Session Layer

b)

Network Layer

c)

Physical Layer

d)

Presentation Layer

50.

A Single Point of Failure is the biggest disadvantage of which topology?

a)

Mesh Topology

b)

Star Topology

c)

Peer‑to‑Peer

d)

Hybrid Topology

51.

Which topology ensures that data goes to a specific target for the next device?

a)

Physical Layer

b)

Network Layer

c)

Bus Topology

d)

Point‑to‑Point

52.

Which OSI layer deals with the technical signals and physical cables used in a system?

a)

Physical Layer

b)

Transport Layer

c)

Network Layer

d)

Presentation Layer

53.

The MAC address of an IoT device is used for communication at which OSI layer?

a)

Data Link Layer

b)

Network Layer

c)

Presentation Layer

d)

Session Layer

54.

Which transport layer protocol is connection‑oriented and ensures reliable data delivery?

a)

TCP

b)

UDP

c)

ICMP

d)

ARP

55.

A Self‑Healing network is a primary characteristic of which topology?

a)

Mesh Topology

b)

Star Topology

c)

Bus Topology

d)

Ring Topology

56.

Which OSI layer handles end-to-end error recovery and flow control?

a)

Transport Layer

b)

Physical Layer

c)

Network Layer

d)

Data Link Layer

57.

In a Bus Topology, what happens if the main backbone cable is cut?

a)

Only one node fails

b)

The entire network fails

c)

It switches to mesh

d)

Speed increases

58.

Which network type covers a very small distance, such as a wearable sensor talking to a phone?

a)

PAN (Personal Area Network)

b)

WAN

c)

MAN

d)

LAN

59.

Which layer of the OSI model is closest to the end-user/application software?

a)

Physical Layer

b)

Application Layer

c)

Session Layer

d)

Network Layer

60.

Why is Mesh Topology considered better for large outdoor sensor deployments?

a)

It is the cheapest

b)

It offers multi-hop reliability

c)

It uses the most power

d)

It is easy to set up

61.

Which transport layer protocol is Connection-Oriented and ensures reliable data delivery?

a)

UDP

b)

TCP

c)

HTTP

d)

FTP

62.

Which OSI layer logs end-to-end error recovery and flow control?

a)

Transport Layer

b)

Network Layer

c)

Data Link Layer

d)

Physical Layer

63.

Which type of topology has the main backbone cable as a critical single point of failure?

a)

Bus Topology

b)

Star Topology

c)

Ring Topology

d)

Mesh Topology

64.

Which network type covers a very small distance, such as a wearable sensor talking to a phone?

a)

PAN (Personal Area Network)

b)

LAN

c)

MAN

d)

WAN

65.

Which layer of the OSI model is closest to the end-user/application software?

a)

Application Layer

b)

Session Layer

c)

Network Layer

d)

Physical Layer

66.

Which transport layer protocol is Connection-Oriented and ensures reliable data delivery?

a)

TCP

b)

UDP

c)

HTTP

d)

FTP

67.

Which OSI layer logs end-to-end error recovery and flow control?

a)

Transport Layer

b)

Network Layer

c)

Data Link Layer

d)

Physical Layer

68.

Which network type is primarily designed for very short-range communication between personal devices?

a)

PAN (Personal Area Network)

b)

LAN

c)

MAN

d)

WAN

69.

Which protocol is primarily used for device discovery and lightweight messaging in IoT?

a)

MQTT

b)

CoAP

c)

AMQP

d)

Jabber

70.

Which protocol is used by XMPP to exchange information?

a)

XML

b)

JSON

c)

Binary

d)

HTML

71.

Which protocol type is generally designed for which type of communication?

a)

File transfer only

b)

Instant Messaging and Presence

c)

Video Streaming only

d)

Hardware Sensing only

72.

Which transport layer protocol does XMPP typically use?

a)

TCP

b)

UDP

c)

ICMP

d)

IGMP

73.

Which component in the context of XMPP is used for addressing the user identity?

a)

Jabber ID (User Identity)

b)

Junction ID

c)

Just-in-time Data

d)

Jabber IP (User Identity)

74.

Which XMPP component is responsible for knowing if a user is “Online” or “Busy”?

a)

Presence

b)

Subscription

c)

On (info/Query)

d)

Presence-Server

75.

Which XMPP stanza is a structured request–response mechanism (similar to GET/POST in HTTP)?

a)

IQ (In/Out/Query)

b)

Command

c)

Ring-based

d)

Bus-based

76.

In XMPP, what is the purpose of the “Resource” part of a JID (e.g., user@domain/mobile)?

a)

To identify a specific device/connection

b)

To identify the domain

c)

To set the password

d)

To define the server IP

77.

Why is XMPP considered “Extensible”?

a)

XEPs can define new functionality via extensions

b)

It uses binary code

c)

It only works on Linux

d)

It has no fixed header

78.

What are XEPs in the XMPP ecosystem?

a)

XMPP Extension Protocols

b)

XMPP Error Packets

c)

XMPP Encryption Ports

d)

XMPP Exit Points

79.

Which XMPP stanza is used to push actual chat content or sensor data to another user?

a)

Message

b)

Discovery

c)

Segmentation

d)

Federation

80.

XMPP servers can communicate with each other globally; this is called:

a)

Federation

b)

Multicasting

c)

Segmentation

d)

Aggregation

81.

Compared to MQTT, what is a disadvantage of XMPP for very small battery-powered sensors?

a)

High XML overhead/verbosity

b)

It lacks security

c)

It only works on Wi-Fi

d)

High XML overheat/verbosity

82.

MQPP provides “Near Real-Time” communication. What makes this possible?

a)

Pull-based polling

b)

Satellite links

c)

Push-based XML streaming

d)

Batch processing

83.

Which security layer is commonly used to encrypt XMPP streams?

a)

TLS/SSL

b)

WPA

c)

ROTLS

d)

TSL/SSL

84.

In an IoT context, XMPP is often used for:

a)

Smart home control and chat

b)

Simple temperature pings

c)

Low-level bit routing

d)

Powering the drone

85.

What happens to an XMPP connection when the XML stream is opened?

a)

It remains open for bi-directional data

b)

It waits for a 404 error

c)

It switches to UDP

d)

It closes immediately

86.

Which organization manages the XMPP standards?

a)

XMPP Standards Foundation (XSF)

b)

ISO

c)

IETF only

d)

XMPP Standards Foundation (XSP)

87.

What does the “6” in 6LoWPAN stand for?

a)

IPv6

b)

6-bit data

c)

6-channel radio

d)

IPv6

88.

Which IEEE standard defines the Physical and MAC layers that 6LoWPAN usually operates on?

a)

IEEE 802.15.4

b)

IEEE 802.3

c)

IEEE 802.16

d)

IEEE 802.2

89.

What is the primary purpose of the Adaptation Layer in 6LoWPAN?

a)

Header compression and fragmentation

b)

To encrypt data

c)

To charge the battery

d)

Header compression and fragmentation

90.

In 6LoWPAN, a payload is 64 bytes, but on 802.15.4 frame level, how does 6LoWPAN solve this?

a)

It reduces the header size

b)

It uses IPv4 instead

c)

It increases MTU to 127 bytes

d)

It adds checksums

91.

What is the maximum transmission unit (MTU) size of an IEEE 802.15.4 frame?

a)

127 bytes

b)

64 bytes

c)

256 bytes

d)

512 bytes

92.

Which process allows a large IPv6 packet to be split into multiple small 802.15.4 frames?

a)

Fragmentation

b)

Modulation

c)

Routing

d)

Encapsulation

93.

6LoWPAN allows only IPv6 to connect directly; which is correct?

a)

Only IPv6

b)

Only analog sensors

c)

Only the gateway

d)

The Internet (IP-based networks)

94.

Which 6LoWPAN feature allows devices to form an address automatically without a DHCP server?

a)

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration

b)

Static Routing

c)

DNS Mapping

d)

Stateful Address Autoconfiguration

95.

Why does 6LoWPAN enable IoT devices for battery-powered sensors?

a)

Low power consumption

b)

Uplink storage

c)

Low power consumption over time

d)

Node Application

96.

In the 6LoWPAN stack, where does the Adaptation Layer sit?

a)

Between Data Link and Network

b)

Inside Transport

c)

Below Physical

d)

Inside Application

97.

6LoWPAN is primarily used in which type of network topology?

a)

Mesh Topology

b)

Star only

c)

Ring Topology

d)

Bus Topology

98.

Which routing protocol is commonly used with 6LoWPAN in lossy networks?

a)

RPL (Routing for Low-Power)

b)

BGP

c)

RIP

d)

RPL (IPv6 Routing for Low-Power)

99.

What does “LoWPAN” stand for in 6LoWPAN?

a)

Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network

b)

Low Processing Area

c)

Router Path Wireless Network

d)

Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network

100.

How does 6LoWPAN handle the size difference between 128-bit IPv6 and 64-bit/16-bit MAC addresses?

a)

Address Mapping/Translation

b)

It ignores the MAC

c)

It uses IPv4

d)

Random IDs

101.

Which device within a 6LoWPAN network is a standard IPv6 network?

a)

Edge Router

b)

Switch

c)

Repeater hub

d)

Edge Router

102.

What is the role of the “Dispatch” byte in a 6LoWPAN header?

a)

Identifies the type of header/packet

b)

Sets the password

c)

Measures distance

d)

Controls LED

103.

What is NOT a function of 6LoWPAN?

a)

Video Encoding

b)

Fragmentation

c)

Layer 2 Forwarding

d)

Header Compression

104.

Why is 6LoWPAN preferred over ZigBee for some developers?

a)

It is native IP and interoperable

b)

It is faster

c)

It uses more power

d)

It is native IP and interoperable

105.

6LoWPAN fragmentation headers include which information for reassembly?

a)

Datagram Offset

b)

User Name

c)

Battery Status

d)

GPS Coordinates

106.

Which layer does 6LoWPAN specifically optimize to save bandwidth?

a)

Network Layer

b)

Presentation Layer

c)

Session Layer

d)

Physical Layer

107.

What is the primary communication model used by MQTT?

a)

Request-Response

b)

Publish-Subscribe

c)

Peer-to-Peer

d)

Push-Pull

108.

Which transport layer protocol does MQTT typically rely on for reliable data delivery?

a)

UDP

b)

TCP

c)

ICMP

d)

HTTP

109.

In MQTT, what is the central node that manages message distribution called?

a)

Gateway

b)

Broker

c)

Access Point

d)

Switch

110.

Which MQTT QoS level guarantees that a message is delivered at least once?

a)

QoS 0

b)

QoS 1

c)

QoS 2

d)

QoS 3

111.

What is the default port for unencrypted MQTT communication?

a)

443

b)

1883

c)

8080

d)

5683

112.

Which MQTT feature allows a client to provide a message that the broker will send if the client disconnects unexpectedly?

a)

Last Will and Testament

b)

Retained Message

c)

Keep Alive

d)

Session Expiry

113.

What is the size of the fixed header in an MQTT packet?

a)

10 bytes

b)

5 bytes

c)

2 bytes

d)

20 bytes

114.

In MQTT, how do clients indicate interest in specific data?

a)

By IP Address

b)

By subscribing to a Topic

c)

By MAC Address

d)

By Device Name

115.

Which QoS level is the most resource-intensive and ensures exactly once delivery?

a)

QoS 0

b)

QoS 1

c)

QoS 2

d)

QoS 3

116.

What happens to a retained message in MQTT?

a)

It is deleted immediately

b)

The broker stores the last message for new subscribers

c)

It is sent to all users

d)

It is encrypted

117.

Which MQTT packet type is sent by the client to request a connection to the broker?

a)

PUBLISH

b)

CONNECT

c)

SUBSCRIBE

d)

PINGREQ

118.

What is the purpose of the keep alive timer in MQTT?

a)

To save battery

b)

To monitor the connection status between client and broker

c)

To encrypt the payload

d)

To speed up data

119.

MQTT is considered data agnostic. What does this mean?

a)

It only accepts JSON

b)

The broker doesn’t care about the payload format

c)

It only works with numbers

d)

It requires headers

120.

In MQTT topic wildcards, what does the + symbol represent?

a)

Single-level wildcard

b)

Multi-level wildcard

c)

Encryption key

d)

End of message

121.

Which QoS level is known as fire and forget?

a)

QoS 0

b)

QoS 1

c)

QoS 2

d)

QoS 3

122.

What is the standard port for MQTT over SSL/TLS?

a)

1883

b)

8883

c)

8080

d)

5683

123.

Which component in the MQTT architecture generates the data?

a)

Broker

b)

Publisher

c)

Subscriber

d)

Gateway

124.

What is the main advantage of MQTT over HTTP for IoT devices?

a)

Lower overhead and power consumption

b)

Higher data rates

c)

Easier to use in browsers

d)

No need for a server

125.

Which MQTT control packet is used by a subscriber to stop receiving data from a topic?

a)

DISCONNECT

b)

UNSUBSCRIBE

c)

PUBACK

d)

PINGRESP

126.

What is the primary transport layer protocol used by CoAP?

a)

TCP

b)

UDP

c)

HTTP

d)

SCTP

127.

Which architectural style is CoAP based on?

a)

SOAP

b)

Publish-Subscribe

c)

REST

d)

RPC

128.

What is the standard default port for CoAP?

a)

80

b)

5683

c)

8831

d)

5684

129.

Which CoAP message type requires an explicit acknowledgment?

a)

Non-confirmable

b)

Confirmable

c)

Acknowledgement

d)

Reset

130.

What does CoAP use to provide security at the transport layer?

a)

TLS

b)

IPsec

c)

DTLS

d)

SSH

131.

Which method is used in CoAP to retrieve information from a server?

a)

PUSH

b)

POST

c)

GET

d)

UPDATE

132.

What is the purpose of the Observe option in CoAP?

a)

Debug traffic

b)

Receive updates on change

c)

Scan Bluetooth

d)

Monitor battery

133.

How is a CoAP header formatted to save bandwidth?

a)

Text-based string

b)

4-byte binary header

c)

XML tags

d)

JSON objects

134.

Which URI is the standard for resource discovery in CoAP?

a)

/.well-known/core

b)

/v1/discover

c)

/discover

d)

/index

135.

What is a piggybacked response in CoAP?

a)

Data inside the ACK

b)

Different protocol

c)

Two reasons

d)

Repeated request

136.

Which layer is responsible for retransmissions and deduplication in CoAP?

a)

Request/Response

b)

Messaging Layer

c)

Physical Layer

d)

Data Link Layer

137.

In CoAP, what is sent if a replication process cannot find a message?

a)

RST (Reset)

b)

HTTP 404

c)

Reboot

d)

Retry

138.

Which describes the relationship between CoAP and HTTP?

a)

Subset of HTTP

b)

Easily translated via proxy

c)

Same header structure

d)

Requires HTTP server

139.

What is the typical size of a CoAP header?

a)

2 bytes

b)

4 bytes

c)

8 bytes

d)

20 bytes

140.

Which CoAP method is used to create or update a resource on the server?

a)

GET

b)

DELETE

c)

PUT

d)

FETCH

141.

What is the token used for in CoAP?

a)

Encryption

b)

Match response to request

c)

Identify session

d)

Match request to response

142.

Which logical layer of CoAP sits directly above the Messaging layer?

a)

Physical

b)

Request/Response

c)

Transport

d)

Session

143.

Which message type does not require an ACK in CoAP?

a)

Non-confirmable

b)

Confirmable

c)

Acknowledgement

d)

Reset

144.

Which feature allows CoAP to work efficiently in lossy networks?

a)

Keep-alive pings

b)

Exponential backoff

c)

Large windows

d)

Fixed-line routing

145.

What is the standard port for secure CoAP (CoAPS)?

a)

5683

b)

5684

c)

1883

d)

443

146.

Which component is responsible for converting a physical phenomenon into an electrical signal?

a)

Actuator

b)

Sensor

c)

Gateway

d)

Router

147.

What is the primary function of an actuator in an IoT system?

a)

Storing data

b)

Performing an action

c)

Acting as a spring

d)

Performing analytics

148.

Which device acts as a bridge between local IoT devices and the remote cloud?

a)

Sensor

b)

Transducer

c)

Gateway

d)

Microcontroller

149.

A sensor that measures the distance to an object using sound waves is called:

a)

PIR Sensor

b)

Ultrasonic Sensor

c)

LDR Sensor

d)

Gyroscope

150.

Which of these is an example of an actuator?

a)

Thermocouple

b)

Accelerometer

c)

Electric Motor

d)

Barometer