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History & Development of Questioned Documents

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The scientific foundation of handwriting identification was significantly developed by:

a)
Edmond Locard
b)
Albert S. Osborn
c)
Mathieu Orfila
d)
Hans Gross
2.

The book Questioned Documents (1910) was authored by:

a)
Albert S. Osborn
b)
Francis Galton
c)
Paul Kirk
d)
Rudolf Virchow
3.

In India, forensic document examination gained structure under:

a)

GEQD

b)
Interpol
c)
FBI
d)

Chemical Examiner Lab

4.

Early document examination mainly relied upon:

a)
DNA profiling
b)
Visual comparison
c)
Chromatography
d)
Electrophoresis
5.

The principle that no two individuals write exactly alike is called:

a)
Law of individuality
b)
Exchange principle
c)
Probability principle
d)
Class characteristic rule
6.

As per BSA, a document includes:

a)
Only written paper
b)
Printed material only
c)
Any matter expressed upon any substance
d)
Digital data only
7.

Section 39 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam deals with:

a)
Confession
b)
Expert opinion
c)
Forgery definition
d)
Burden of proof
8.

A document examiner in court is considered:

a)
Lay witness
b)
Expert witness
c)
Hostile witness
d)
Circumstantial witness
9.

Primary evidence refers to:

a)
Photocopy
b)
Certified copy
c)
Original document
d)
Oral statement
10.

Secondary evidence includes:

a)
Original document
b)
Photocopies
c)
Real evidence
d)
Digital original
11.

Scope of questioned document examination includes:

a)
Handwriting
b)
Paper
c)
Ink
d)
All of the above
12.

Anonymous letters are examined primarily for:

a)
Age of writer
b)
Authorship
c)
Paper thickness
d)
Printer brand
13.

Signature examination involves analysis of:

a)
Speed
b)
Line quality
c)
Pen pressure
d)
All of the above
14.

Natural variation refers to:

a)
Forged writing
b)
Normal deviations in genuine writing
c)
Tremors
d)
Simulation
15.

Fundamental differences are more significant than:

a)
Similarities
b)
Variations
c)
Minor differences
d)
Line quality
16.

‐Line quality‐ indicates:

a)
Paper thickness
b)
Smoothness and continuity of stroke
c)
Ink density
d)
Page alignment
17.

‐Pen lift‐ means:

a)
Change of ink
b)
Break in writing movement
c)
Erasure
d)
Paper fold
18.

‐Connecting strokes‐ are:

a)
Decorative lines
b)
Strokes joining letters
c)
Margins
d)
Cross strokes
19.

‐Retouching‐ indicates:

a)
Natural hesitation
b)
Rewriting over a stroke
c)
Folding
d)
Bleeding
20.

‐Proportion‐ refers to:

a)
Ink color
b)
Relative height and width of letters
c)
Paper size
d)
Margin width
21.

Documents may be classified as:

a)
Genuine
b)
Questioned
c)
Disputed
d)
All of the above
22.

Security documents include:

a)
Currency
b)
Personal letters
c)
Grocery lists
d)
Newspapers
23.

Holograms are used mainly in:

a)
Ordinary letters
b)
Security documents
c)
Rough notes
d)
Draft copies
24.

Digital documents fall under:

a)
Traditional documents
b)
Electronic records
c)
Forged papers only
d)
Security paper only
25.

Anonymous documents are usually classified as:

a)
Genuine
b)
Disputed
c)
Standard
d)
Admitted
26.

Forgery is defined under which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)

a)

Section 330

b)

Section 336

c)

Section 106

d)

Section 333

27.

Freehand simulation involves:

a)
Tracing
b)
Copying by observation
c)
Printing
d)
Scanning
28.

Traced forgery shows:

a)
Natural flow
b)
Tremors and hesitation
c)
Uniform pressure
d)
Spontaneity
29.

Freehand forgery occurs when:

a)
Model signature is absent
b)
Signature is traced
c)
Signature is photocopied
d)
Ink is altered
30.

Indicators of forgery include:

a)
Pen pauses
b)
Patchy ink
c)
Tremors
d)
All of the above
31.

Disguise may involve:

a)
Changing slant
b)
Altering size
c)
Using opposite hand
d)
All of the above
32.

Intentional disguise differs from natural variation by:

a)
Consistency
b)
Presence of fundamental traits
c)
Absence of ink
d)
Paper type
33.

Writing with non-dominant hand often shows:

a)
High fluency
b)
Poor coordination
c)
Uniform pressure
d)
No tremors
34.

Tremor due to age differs from simulated tremor because:

a)
It is consistent
b)
It is artificial
c)
It is localized
d)
It shows blunt starts
35.

Examination of disguised writing focuses on:

a)
Habitual characteristics
b)
Ink brand
c)
Paper fiber
d)
Margin width
36.

Physical examination of paper includes:

a)
Fiber analysis
b)
Watermark study
c)
Thickness measurement
d)
All of the above
37.

Analysis of ink commonly uses:

a)

Visual Examination

b)
Spectrophotometry
c)
Chromatography
d)
All of the above
38.

ESDA is used for:

a)
Ink dating
b)
Indentation detection
c)
Fiber analysis
d)
Watermark detection
39.

Ink aging studies are based on:

a)
Solvent evaporation
b)
Fiber strength
c)
Paper thickness
d)
Pen pressure
40.

VSC stands for:

a)
Video Spectral Comparator
b)
Visual Signature Check
c)
Variable Spectrum Chromatograph
d)
Virtual Scan Comparator
41.

Charred documents should be collected using:

a)
Bare hands
b)
Forceps and support
c)
Washing
d)
Scraping
42.

Preservation of charred documents requires:

a)
Moistening
b)
Air drying
c)
Supporting on rigid base
d)
Folding
43.

Decipherment of charred documents may involve:

a)
Infrared photography
b)
UV examination
c)
Digital enhancement
d)
All of the above
44.

Excess handling of charred documents causes:

a)
Stabilization
b)
Fragmentation
c)
Ink restoration
d)
Strengthening
45.

Carbonization primarily affects:

a)
Ink only
b)
Paper cellulose
c)
Pen pressure
d)
Signature shape
46.

Fundamental principle in handwriting comparison is:

a)
Probability of duplication is negligible
b)
Exact duplication possible
c)
Class traits dominate
d)
Ink decides authorship
47.

Class characteristics refer to:

a)
Individual habits
b)
Features common to a group
c)
Random variation
d)
Forged traits
48.

Individual characteristics are:

a)
Learned writing style
b)
Unique deviations
c)
Printed font
d)
Typewriter defects
49.

Alteration of document includes:

a)
Erasure
b)
Addition
c)
Obliteration
d)
All of the above
50.

In forensic document examination, conclusion is based on:

a)
Single similarity
b)
Overall evaluation of similarities and differences
c)
Ink color only
d)
Paper thickness only
51.

What is the primary purpose of forensic document examination?

a)

To identify the author

b)

All of the above

c)

To analyze handwriting

d)

To verify authenticity

52.

Which method is commonly used to analyze paper fibers?

a)

All of the above

b)

Microscopy

c)

Spectrophotometry

d)

Chromatography

53.

What does the term 'disguised writing' refer to?

a)

Writing that is in a foreign language

b)

Writing that is altered to hide the author's identity

c)

Writing that is illegible

d)

Writing that is printed

54.

What is the primary purpose of handwriting analysis in forensic science?

a)

To determine the age of the writer

b)

To identify the writer

c)

To assess the emotional state of the writer

d)

To evaluate the paper quality

55.

Which technique is commonly used to analyze the composition of ink?

a)

Thermal analysis

b)

Microscopy

c)

Spectrophotometry

d)

X-ray diffraction

56.

What does the term 'forensic document examination' encompass?

a)

Only handwriting analysis

b)

Analysis of paper and ink

c)

Evaluation of signatures

d)

All of the above

57.

Which of the following is a common indicator of document forgery?

a)

Uniform letter spacing

b)

Consistent ink flow

c)

Inconsistent pressure

d)

Clear signature

58.

What does 'graphology' study?

a)

Paper manufacturing processes

b)

Ink composition

c)

Document authenticity

d)

Handwriting and personality traits

59.

What is the main focus of forensic handwriting examination?

a)

To analyze the emotional state of the writer

b)

To evaluate the paper type

c)

To determine the authenticity of a document

d)

To assess the quality of ink used

60.

Which technique is commonly used to detect alterations in documents?

a)

All of the above

b)

Visual inspection

c)

Infrared photography

d)

Microscopic analysis