The American Revolution

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Emotional ties to British monarchy and constitution in the 1760s

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Colonists had strong emotional ties to the British monarchy and constitution, feeling proud to be British after helping win a world war.

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Paradox of the American Revolution

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The Revolution was paradoxical, fighting for liberty while allowing slavery, and promoting both republican selflessness and individual self-interest.

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Long-term origins of the American Revolution

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The Revolution's origins included political, intellectual, cultural, and economic developments in the 18th century, with Britain failing to define the colonies' relationship to the empire.

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Salutary neglect and colonial assemblies

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Colonists believed in their rights and liberties, developing local political institutions and assemblies that grew in power due to Britain's hands-off approach.

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Republicanism in colonial political culture

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Colonial political culture was inspired by republicanism, emphasizing the corrupting nature of power and the need for virtuous self-governance.

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Impact of John Locke and the Great Awakening

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Locke's ideas on education and the Great Awakening's evangelical revivalism empowered individuals to question authority and take control of their lives.

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Anglicization and cultural similarities

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Colonists became more culturally similar to Britons, desiring British goods and liberties, which built tensions with Britain's imperial reforms.

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Immediate causes of the American Revolution

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The Revolution was sparked by Britain's attempts to reform the empire after the Seven Years' War, leading to colonial resistance.

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Stamp Act and colonial resistance

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The Stamp Act imposed a direct tax, leading to legislative, economic, and popular resistance, including the formation of the Sons of Liberty.

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Townshend Acts and colonial unity

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The Townshend Acts imposed duties on common items, leading to nonimportation agreements and increased colonial unity and resistance.