Musical Dynamics and Expressions

Front

Pianissimo (pp)

Back

Very quiet

Front

Piano (p)

Back

Quiet

Front

Mezzo-piano (mp)

Back

Fairly quiet

Front

Mezzo-forte (mf)

Back

Fairly loud

Front

Forte (f)

Back

Loud

Front

Fortissimo (ff)

Back

Very loud

Front

Crescendo

Back

Gradually getting louder

Front

Diminuendo

Back

Gradually getting quieter

Front

Sforzando

Back

Sudden accent

Front

Accent

Back

Emphasis on a specific note.