U.S. Government Powers and Clauses

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Enumerated/Expressed/Delegated powers

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Powers specifically written in the U.S. Constitution and given to the national (federal, U.S.) government. Article I Section 8

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Implied powers

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National powers that are not specifically written in the Constitution but are inferred from the “necessary and proper” (elastic) clause.

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Prohibited powers

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Powers denied to the national government, states, or both. Article I Section 9

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Supremacy Clause

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Gives the national government and its laws general precedence over states’ laws. Article VI

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Reserved powers

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Those powers that are not enumerated or given to the national government are meant to belong to the states and people. 10th Amendment

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Concurrent powers

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Can be exercised by BOTH state and national governments, independent of one or another, or at the same time.