APES Unit 01 (Chapter 15)

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Wetland

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A land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such that it takes on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem.

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Bog

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A type of wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material—often mosses, and in a majority of cases, sphagnum moss.

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Marsh

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A type of wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.

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Swamp

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A wetland that is forested, with trees and shrubs growing in standing water.

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Stream

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A small, narrow river.

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River

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A large, flowing body of water that usually empties into a sea or ocean.

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Pond

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A small body of still water formed naturally or by artificial means.

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Lake

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A large body of water surrounded by land.

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Eutrophication

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A process by which a body of water becomes enriched in dissolved nutrients (such as phosphates) that stimulate the growth of aquatic plant life usually resulting in the depletion of dissolved oxygen.