What is a covalent bond?

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

A positive subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

A neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

equals the number of protons plus the number of netrons for an element

a strong connection between atoms when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Involves opposite charges.

a negatively or positively charged atom or molecule

A strong connection between atoms that share electrons

A substance containing all of the same molecules.

a shorthand for a molecule/ compound that show the number and types of atoms that make it up

A summary of a chemical reaction that looks like a math problem

charge, size and location of a electron

negative, smaller, out of the nucleus

predict number of protons and/or electrons given information about an element

11 protons, 11 electrons, same number

What are reactants in a chemical reaction

Starting materials written on the left side

What are products in a chemical reaction

the end result on the right side of the equation

What does the 12 mean

There are 12 hydrogen atoms in the molecule

How do hydrogen bonds compare to ionic and covalent bonds?

Hydrogen bonds are significantly weaker than both

Explain the charges on a water molecule

hydrogen has a partial positive charge oxygen has a partial negative charge

describe the relationship between hydrogen ions, hydroxide ions, acids and bases

The key difference between acids and bases is the presence of hydrogen ions a higher concentration of hydrogen ions = an acidic solution, a higher concentration of hydroxide ions = a basic solution

has more OH- ions than H+ ions. pH above 7

a positively charged particle formed when a hydrogen atom loses its single electron, represented by the symbol "H+

chemical compound with a negative charge, containing a single hydrogen and a single oxygen OH-

Solute (Example salt)

a substance that is dissolved in a solution

a mixture composed of a solute and solvent. Light can pass cleanly through this liquid.

A subtance like water that dissolved another substance

What is a biological macromolecule

a large molecule, needed for life, that is built from smaller organic molecules and is categorized into four main classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Name the 6 elements that are common in biological macromolecules.

Hydorgen Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon Phosphorous Sulfur

Carbohydrates monomer examples main purposes

monomer = monosacharide (simple sugar) example = starch purpose = energy

Lipids monomer examples main purposes

monomer = glycerol and fatty acids examples = oils, wax, cell membranes main purposes = longterm storage of energy

Protein monomer examples main purposes

monomer = neucliotide examples - DNA main purposes = building blocks

2 simple sugars joined together "di"

many monosacharrides bonded together poly = "many"

example of simple sugar or monosaccharide

example of polysaccharide plant energy storage

complex carbohydrate component of wood

Basic Chemistry Concepts Flashcards

Student preview

61 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is an element?

Back

A pure substance made entirely of one type of atom; found on the periodic table.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a molecule?

Back

Bonded atoms; the smallest part of a compound.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is an isotope?

Back

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Acid/Acidic

Back

has more H+ ions. pH below 7

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Atomic Number

Back

Equals the number of protons (which also equals the number of electrons)

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a nucleus?

Back

The central part of an atom, made up of one or more protons and usually one ore more neutrons. This region of an atom holds most of its mass.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are electrons?

Back

A NEGATIVE subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom. A speck compared to a proton or a neutron.

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