Calhoun's South Carolina Exposition and Protest

Calhoun, angry about the Tariff of 1828, wrote this report arguing that if a national majority acted against the interest of a regional minority, then individual states like South Carolina could void or nullify the federal law.

The right of states to cancel or not comply with acts of Congress if they are deemed to violate 10th Amendment states’ rights- any power that the Constitution doesn’t give to the federal government are reserved for the states or the people.

Ordinance of Nullification

South Carolina declared the 1828 and 1832 tariffs null and void.

Nullification Proclamation

Jackson rejected South Carolina's claim and said that states do not have the power to cancel or ignore federal laws. He argued that the Union (the United States) was permanent, and no state could break away or ignore federal authority without consequences.

Impact of Nullification Crisis

Illustrated the growing tensions in American democracy- elite, wealthy slaveholders taking a stand against the will of the democratic majority AND a clash between those who believed in free trade and those who believed in protective tariffs to encourage the nation’s economic growth.

The Second Bank of the United States

National Bank created in 1816 in order to stabilize the banking system.

Andrew Jackson and the Second Bank of the United States

Jackson viewed the bank as a tool of the wealthy and an anti-democratic force. Jackson believed gold and silver were safer and more stable currencies than paper money. When a bill came up in Congress to recharter the bank, Jackson vetoed it.

Political party that advocated accelerated economic growth, often endorsing federal government projects to achieve that goal. Members tended to be wealthier, they were prominent planters in the South and wealthy urban northerners. William Henry Harrison, a Whig, won the 1840 election against the Democrats.

Five Civilized Tribes

The five tribes-Cherokee, Seminole, Creek, Choctaw, and Chickasaw who had most thoroughly adopted Anglo-American culture; they also happened to be the tribes that were believed to stand in the way of western settlement in the South.

The 1830 Indian Removal Act

Jackson’s anti-Native stance struck a chord with a majority of White citizens, many of whom shared a hatred of non-White people. This act called for the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes from their home in the southeastern U.S. to land in the west-present day Oklahoma.

Worcester v. Georgia was a Supreme Court case in 1832 about Native American rights. The state of Georgia wanted to control Cherokee land, but the Cherokee Nation said they had their own laws. The Supreme Court ruled that Georgia had no right to make laws for Cherokee land because it was a separate nation. However, President Andrew Jackson ignored the ruling, and the Cherokee were eventually forced to leave their land in a journey known as the Trail of Tears. This case showed a conflict between federal law and state actions.

Chief Justice John Marshall’s Ruling in Worcester v. Georgia

When the case of Worcester v Georgia came before the Supreme Court in 1832, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in favor of Worcester, finding that the Cherokee constituted “distinct political communities” with sovereign rights to their own territory.

A series of forced marches, 15 thousand Cherokee were relocated to Oklahoma. This forced migration caused the deaths of as many four thousand Cherokee. The Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole people were also forced to go.

Territory a part of the Louisiana Purchase and was the first part of the territory to apply for statehood. The controversy around the Missouri Territory happened in the early 1800s when Missouri wanted to join the United States as a state. The problem was that Missouri wanted to allow slavery, but many people in the North wanted to stop the spread of slavery to new states. This led to a big debate

Amendment proposed by James Talmadge, an opponent of slavery. Proposed that Missouri be admitted as a free state, that no more enslaved people be allowed to enter Missouri after it achieved statehood, and that all enslaved children born there be freed at age of 25. Shifted the terms of debate by presenting slavery as an evil that needed to be stopped. Supported by Northern representatives and rejected by Southerners as they saw it as an attempt to gradually abolish slavery everywhere. It did not pass.

1820- Missouri and Maine would enter the Union as the same time. Maine would be a free state and Missouri a slave state. This compromise would maintain a balance between free and slave states. To prevent similar conflict in the future, an imaginary line was drawn across the remainder of Louisiana Territory 36°30′. Slavery could exist south of this line, but was forbidden north of it, with the exception of Missouri.

Religious belief during the Second Great Awakening that the Kingdom of God would be established on earth and that God would reign on earth for a thousand years, characterized by harmony and Christian morality.

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Andrew Jackson And His Era

Andrew Jackson and His Era

Flashcard

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Social Studies

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11th Grade

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Practice Problem

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Easy

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CCSS

RL.11-12.2, RL.8.1, RI.11-12.5

+31

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Jessica Lawrence

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24 questions

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FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Andrew Jackson War Hero

Back

Fought in the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.7.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Andrew Jackson The Common Man

Back

Gained a reputation as a fighter and defender of American expansion. Characteristics of modern American democracy including the turbulent nature of majority rule first appeared during the Age of Jackson. He was a democrat.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Andrew Jackson 1824 Election

Back

Jackson v. John Quincy Adams. Jackson won popular vote, but Adams won the presidency due to a rule following the terms of the 12th Amendment. Vote went to House of Representatives. Jackson and his followers claimed corruption and called the affair a 'corrupt bargain.'

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.7

CCSS.RI.11-12.7

CCSS.RI.8.7

CCSS.RL.11-12.7

CCSS.RL.9-10.7

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Andrew Jackson 1828 Election

Back

Jackson and his supporters used rallies, parades to bring in as many new supporters as possible. Jackson portrayed the image as the 'common man' while accusing Adams of being part of the corrupt elite. Jackson won the 1828 election.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Rotation in Office

Back

The replacement of appointed federal officials when there is a new president.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Spoils System

Back

To provide government jobs to people loyal to Jackson during the rotation in office, which resulted in corruption.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Tariff of 1828

Back

High tariff on imported goods to protect American manufacturing. Those who supported states’ rights were against this tax.

Tags

CCSS.RL.7.9

CCSS.RL.8.9

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