Protein Synthesis & Mutations

Front

What is the basic unit of heredity that codes for a single protein?

Back

Gene

Front

What is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template called?

Back

Transcription

Front

Where does translation occur in the cell?

Back

Ribosome

Front

Given the DNA template TGGCAAGTACGT, what is the corresponding mRNA sequence?

Back

ACCGUUCAUGCA

Front

What type of mutation occurs when one base is replaced by another in a DNA sequence?

Back

Substitution

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is the significance of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

Back

The ribosome is the site where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.