AP CSP 7 - How Computers Represent Information

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binary

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A way to represent information by using ones and zeroes.

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base ten number system

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A place value number system in which ten digits, 0 through 9, are used to represent a number and the value of each place is 10 times the value of the place to its right; the value of any digit in the number is the product of that digit and its place value.

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base two number system

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This is the number system that binary uses. This system has 2 possible digits and the numbers are reused after 2 digits have been used. The digits are 0 and 1.

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bit

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The smallest piece of data in a computer. Simply tells us if there is electricity or not. This is then used for binary. 8 of these make a byte.

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byte

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A grouping of 8 bits. Binary is organized into these and used to communicate information with the computer.

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gigahertz

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A measurement of the speed of a computer. One of these is 1 billion bits processed in 1 second.

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ASCII table

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A table that provides a key for binary to be converted into latin letters.

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Unicode

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A key that makes it so binary can be converted into letters and symbols in any spoken language.

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pixel

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The tiniest segment of an image or screen. Many of these make up images, movies, and screens.

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hexadecimal value

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A unique id given to each color and shade of color so it can be used for styling. Example: #79f06c.