Molecular Geometry Unit Review

Front

What is the shape of a molecule with a trigonal pyramidal geometry?

Back

Trigonal pyramidal geometry is characterized by a central atom bonded to three other atoms and having one lone pair of electrons, resulting in a pyramid-like shape.

Front

Which substance is predicted to have the highest melting point based on intermolecular forces?

Back

AlCl3 is predicted to have the highest melting point due to its ionic bonding and strong intermolecular forces.

Front

What type of atom is necessary for the formation of hydrogen bonds?

Back

Oxygen is necessary for the formation of hydrogen bonds, as it is highly electronegative and can attract hydrogen atoms.

Front

How can you determine if a molecule is polar or non-polar?

Back

A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment due to an uneven distribution of electron density, often caused by differences in electronegativity between atoms.

Front

What is the principle behind solubility in terms of intermolecular forces?

Back

For a solute to be soluble in a solvent, the intermolecular forces (IMFs) between the solute and solvent must be of similar strength.

Front

Define molecular geometry.

Back

Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule, which affects its physical and chemical properties.

Front

What is the significance of lone pairs in determining molecular shape?

Back

Lone pairs of electrons can repel bonding pairs, affecting the overall shape of the molecule and leading to geometries such as bent or trigonal pyramidal.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What factors influence the melting point of a substance?

Back

The melting point of a substance is influenced by the strength of its intermolecular forces, molecular weight, and molecular structure.

Front

Explain the concept of electronegativity.

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.