Review (biochem - evolution)

Front

What is PKU and how is it treated?

Back

PKU (Phenylketonuria) is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine. It can be treated with a special diet low in phenylalanine.

Front

What is pinocytosis?

Back

Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis where the cell takes in liquid substances.

Front

What are restriction enzymes and their function?

Back

Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for DNA manipulation in genetic engineering.

Front

Define extinction in biological terms.

Back

Extinction is the permanent loss of a species when the last individual dies.

Front

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

Back

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins and lipids within the cell.

Front

What is the significance of amino acids in protein synthesis?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and they are linked together in specific sequences to form proteins during translation.

Front

Explain the process of natural selection.

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the role of DNA in heredity?

Back

DNA carries genetic information that is passed from parents to offspring, determining traits and characteristics.