AP Chemistry: 3.5-3.8

Front

What is the behavior of particles in real gases when they are close together?

Back

Particles in real gases are attracted to each other.

Front

What effect does high pressure have on the ideal behavior of a gas?

Back

At high pressure, the container volume decreases, causing gas particles to occupy significant volume, making the gas less ideal.

Front

How do you calculate the number of moles in a solution?

Back

Number of moles = Molarity (M) × Volume (L). For example, in a 3.0 L solution of 0.23 M NH3, there are 0.69 moles.

Front

Which gas molecule has the highest average velocity at the same temperature?

Back

H2 (hydrogen gas) has the highest average velocity at the same temperature due to its lower molar mass.

Front

What is the definition of a solvent?

Back

The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.

Front

What is the ideal gas law equation?

Back

PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature.

Front

What is the significance of the van der Waals equation?

Back

The van der Waals equation accounts for the volume occupied by gas particles and the attractive forces between them, providing a more accurate description of real gases.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy of gas molecules?

Back

The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas in Kelvin.

Front

What is the concept of partial pressure in a gas mixture?

Back

Partial pressure is the pressure that a single gas in a mixture would exert if it occupied the entire volume alone.

Front

How does temperature affect gas solubility in liquids?

Back

Generally, gas solubility in liquids decreases with an increase in temperature.