Unit 8 Chemistry review

Front

What is the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

Back

According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is held constant. This means that as pressure increases, volume decreases, and vice versa.

Front

What is the unit of pressure that is equivalent to 1 atm?

Back

1 atm is equivalent to 101.3 kPa (kilopascals), 760 mmHg (millimeters of mercury), and 14.7 psi (pounds per square inch).

Front

What is the formula for Charles's Law?

Back

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvin) at constant pressure. The formula is V1/T1 = V2/T2.

Front

What does STP stand for in chemistry?

Back

STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure, which is defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atm pressure.

Front

What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

Back

The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion. It states that gas particles are in constant random motion, have negligible volume, and do not attract or repel each other.

Front

What happens to the volume of a gas when its temperature increases at constant pressure?

Back

According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas increases as its temperature increases at constant pressure.

Front

What is the formula for calculating pressure using the ideal gas law?

Back

The ideal gas law is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Front

What is the significance of the ideal gas constant (R)?

Back

The ideal gas constant (R) is a proportionality constant in the ideal gas law that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas.

Front

What is the effect of increasing pressure on the volume of a gas at constant temperature?

Back

According to Boyle's Law, increasing the pressure on a gas will decrease its volume if the temperature remains constant.

Front

What is the definition of absolute zero?

Back

Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which a substance has minimum thermal energy, defined as 0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius.