Translation and Mutations

Front

What is a chromosomal deletion?

Back

A chromosomal deletion is a type of mutation where a segment of DNA is lost or removed from a chromosome.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a type of mutation that involves substituting one DNA base for another, resulting in no change to the protein produced.

Front

How does RNA differ from DNA in terms of structure?

Back

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine and has ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when extra bases are added or removed from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the gene.

Front

How is the DNA sequence transcribed to mRNA?

Back

The DNA sequence is transcribed to mRNA by replacing thymine (T) with uracil (U) and using complementary base pairing.

Front

What are the main types of chromosomal mutations?

Back

The main types of chromosomal mutations include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations.

Front

What is the role of uracil in RNA?

Back

Uracil is a nitrogenous base in RNA that pairs with adenine during transcription.

Front

What is the significance of ribose in RNA?

Back

Ribose is the sugar in RNA that provides structural stability and is involved in the formation of the RNA backbone.

Front

What is the impact of a frameshift mutation on protein synthesis?

Back

A frameshift mutation can lead to a completely different amino acid sequence, potentially resulting in a nonfunctional protein.

Front

What is the difference between a point mutation and a frameshift mutation?

Back

A point mutation involves a change in a single base pair, while a frameshift mutation involves the addition or deletion of bases, altering the entire reading frame.