box plots, histograms, dot plots

Front

What is a box plot and what information does it convey?

Back

A box plot, or whisker plot, is a standardized way of displaying the distribution of data based on a five-number summary: minimum, first quartile (Q1), median, third quartile (Q3), and maximum. It visually represents the central tendency, variability, and potential outliers in the data.

Front

How do you calculate the median of a data set?

Back

To find the median, arrange the data in ascending order and identify the middle value. If there is an odd number of observations, the median is the middle number. If there is an even number of observations, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.

Front

What is a histogram and how is it different from a box plot?

Back

A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data, where the data is divided into bins or intervals. Unlike a box plot, which summarizes data using quartiles, a histogram shows the frequency of data points within each interval.

Front

What is a dot plot and when is it useful?

Back

A dot plot is a simple graphical display that uses dots to represent individual data points. It is useful for small data sets to visualize the distribution and frequency of values.

Front

What does the term 'interquartile range' (IQR) mean?

Back

The interquartile range (IQR) is a measure of statistical dispersion, calculated as the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1). It represents the range of the middle 50% of the data.

Front

How can you determine the number of data points within a specific range using a histogram?

Back

To determine the number of data points within a specific range using a histogram, identify the bins that fall within that range and sum the frequencies of those bins.

Front

What is the significance of the median in a data set?

Back

The median is a measure of central tendency that divides a data set into two equal halves. It is less affected by outliers than the mean, making it a better measure of center for skewed distributions.

Front

How do you interpret outliers in a box plot?

Back

Outliers in a box plot are typically represented as individual points that fall outside the whiskers. They indicate data points that are significantly higher or lower than the rest of the data, which may warrant further investigation.

Front

What is the purpose of using a dot plot?

Back

The purpose of using a dot plot is to provide a clear visual representation of individual data points, making it easy to see the distribution, frequency, and any potential clusters or gaps in the data.

Front

How do you find the percentage of data points within a certain range?

Back

To find the percentage of data points within a certain range, count the number of data points that fall within that range, divide by the total number of data points, and multiply by 100.