3/4 B:Flashcard: Atomic structure , periodic table.

Front

What are noble gases and why are they considered the most stable elements in the periodic table?

Back

Noble gases are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table that have 8 valence electrons, making them chemically inert and stable.

Front

What is the atomic number and atomic mass of chlorine?

Back

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35.45.

Front

How many valence electrons does chlorine have?

Back

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons.

Front

What does the Periodic Law state about elements in the same group?

Back

The Periodic Law states that elements in the same group will have similar chemical and physical characteristics.

Front

Which element has all electron shells filled and is the most stable?

Back

Neon (Ne) has all electron shells filled and is the most stable.

Front

What is electronegativity and how does it change across a period in the periodic table?

Back

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. It generally increases from left to right across a period.

Front

List the elements in order of increasing electronegativity: Na, Mg, P, Cl.

Back

The order of increasing electronegativity is: Na < Mg < P < Cl.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons in determining the chemical properties of an element?

Back

Valence electrons determine how an element will react chemically with other elements, influencing bonding and reactivity.

Front

What are the main characteristics of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids in the periodic table?

Back

Metals are typically shiny, conductive, and malleable; nonmetals are dull, insulative, and brittle; metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Front

What is the role of the atomic number in identifying an element?

Back

The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus and uniquely identifies an element.