AP Biology Unit 1 Review

Front

What is the primary structural difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

Back

Phospholipids form a bilayer that acts as a barrier to protect the cell and regulate the movement of substances in and out.

Front

What type of bond is responsible for the cohesiveness of water molecules?

Back

Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the cohesiveness of water molecules.

Front

What is hydrolysis?

Back

Hydrolysis is a chemical process that involves the breaking of a bond in a polymer using water.

Front

Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

Back

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are primarily responsible for storing genetic information.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

Back

A monomer is a single building block, while a polymer is a chain of monomers linked together.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules in biological systems?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the significance of the phosphate group in nucleotides?

Back

The phosphate group is essential for the formation of the backbone of nucleic acids and plays a role in energy transfer.