Hard and Soft c and g

A soft 'c' is pronounced like an 's' and occurs before the letters 'e', 'i', or 'y'. Examples include 'citizen' and 'race'.

A hard 'c' is pronounced like a 'k' and occurs before the letters 'a', 'o', or 'u'. Examples include 'cup' and 'cap'.

In the word 'cage', the letter 'g' is pronounced as a soft 'g', sounding like 'j'.

In the word 'go', the letter 'g' is pronounced as a hard 'g', sounding like 'g'.

A soft 'c' can be identified when it is followed by the letters 'e', 'i', or 'y'.

A hard 'c' can be identified when it is followed by the letters 'a', 'o', or 'u'.

An example of a word with a soft 'c' is 'citizen'.

An example of a word with a hard 'c' is 'cap'.

In the word 'race', the letter 'c' is pronounced as a soft 'c', sounding like 's'.

In the word 'cup', the letter 'c' is pronounced as a hard 'c', sounding like 'k'.