DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

Front

What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogen bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases.

Front

What does it mean that DNA replication is a semi-conservative process?

Back

In semi-conservative replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What are the main steps involved in DNA replication?

Back

The main steps of DNA replication include unwinding the DNA helix, separating the strands, synthesizing new strands, and re-forming the double helix.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase during replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

How do adenine and thymine pair in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds in the DNA double helix.

Front

How do cytosine and guanine pair in DNA?

Back

Cytosine pairs with guanine through three hydrogen bonds in the DNA double helix.

Front

What is a mutation in the context of DNA?

Back

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the replication fork?

Back

The replication fork is the area where the DNA double helix is unwound and separated, allowing for the synthesis of new DNA strands.