Proteins and Nucleic Acids

Front

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

Back

Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions, increasing the rate of reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

List the main elements that compose proteins.

Back

Proteins are primarily composed of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S).

Front

How do the elemental compositions of proteins and carbohydrates differ?

Back

Proteins contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S), while carbohydrates consist of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) only.

Front

What are the key elements found in nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids are made up of Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), and Phosphorus (P).

Front

Name a common food source that is high in protein.

Back

Meat is a common food source that is high in protein.

Front

What is the significance of nitrogen in proteins?

Back

Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

Explain the role of nucleic acids in living organisms.

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information and are essential for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of structure?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are amino acids and their role in proteins?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

Describe the process of protein synthesis.

Back

Protein synthesis involves transcription (copying DNA to mRNA) and translation (reading mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein).