Karyotypes, Pedigrees, Blood Flashcard

Front

What does it mean to be heterozygous?

Back

Having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).

Front

What are the possible blood types of children from a type O mother and an AB father?

Back

A and B.

Front

In a pedigree showing an autosomal recessive disorder, what must the genotype of an affected individual be?

Back

hh.

Front

How can you determine the gender of an individual from a pedigree?

Back

By examining the symbols used; males are typically represented by squares.

Front

What genetic condition is characterized by an extra chromosome on the 21st pair?

Back

Down syndrome.

Front

What is the definition of a karyotype?

Back

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual's chromosomes, arranged in pairs.

Front

What is the significance of blood type inheritance?

Back

Blood type inheritance is important for understanding compatibility in blood transfusions and organ transplants.

Front

What does a pedigree chart represent?

Back

A pedigree chart represents the genetic relationships and inheritance patterns within a family.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express the trait.

Front

What is the role of a Punnett square in genetics?

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from parental crosses.