Biology Regents Review

Front

What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell, through cellular respiration.

Front

How do lizards maintain homeostasis through behavior?

Back

Lizards maintain homeostasis by regulating their body temperature through behavioral adaptations, such as basking in the sun or seeking shade.

Front

Where does DNA replication occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

DNA replication occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is active transport and how does it differ from passive transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy. In contrast, passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules from higher to lower concentration.

Front

What are the end products of photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, with glucose being used for energy and as a building block for more complex carbohydrates.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

Define homeostasis in biological terms.

Back

Homeostasis is the process by which living organisms regulate their internal environment to maintain stable, constant conditions despite external changes.

Front

What is the significance of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is the site of DNA replication and transcription.

Front

Explain the process of dehydration synthesis in relation to carbohydrates.

Back

Dehydration synthesis is a chemical reaction that combines two molecules by removing a water molecule, forming complex carbohydrates from simpler sugars.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and active transport?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, while active transport requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.