Thermal Energy

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What is thermal energy?

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Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, which is related to its temperature.

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What is the process of melting?

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Melting is the phase transition from solid to liquid.

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What happens to particles during melting?

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During melting, particles gain energy and move more freely, breaking the bonds that hold them in a fixed position.

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What is the process of freezing?

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Freezing is the phase transition from liquid to solid.

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How does temperature affect the state of matter?

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Temperature affects the kinetic energy of particles; higher temperatures can cause solids to melt into liquids and liquids to evaporate into gases.

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What is evaporation?

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Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas at temperatures below its boiling point.

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What is condensation?

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Condensation is the process by which a gas changes into a liquid.

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What is the role of energy in phase changes?

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Energy is required to change the state of matter; adding energy can cause melting or evaporation, while removing energy can cause freezing or condensation.

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What is the boiling point?

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The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the external pressure, causing it to change into a gas.

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What is the relationship between temperature and particle movement?

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As temperature increases, the movement of particles increases, leading to changes in state.

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