Test: 2.17 to 2.28 Cell Biology

Front

What do you call organisms that can make their own food?

Back

autotrophs

Answer explanation

Organisms that can make their own food are called autotrophs. They produce energy through processes like photosynthesis, unlike heterotrophs, which rely on consuming other organisms for energy.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Front

What is another name to describe an autotroph?

Back

Producer

Answer explanation

An autotroph is an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Therefore, another name for an autotroph is a 'Producer', as it generates energy for itself and other organisms.

Front

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must get energy from eating other organisms are called...

Back

heterotrophs

Answer explanation

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms for energy are known as heterotrophs. In contrast, autotrophs can make their own food, typically through photosynthesis.

Front

Which organisms recycle materials from dead organisms and their waste products? Options: autotrophs, heterotrophs, scavengers, decomposers

Back

decomposers

Answer explanation

Decomposers are organisms like fungi and bacteria that break down dead organisms and waste, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. This process is essential for nutrient cycling, unlike autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Front

Main difference between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

Back

Chemosynthesis uses chemicals (hydrogen sulfide) to make food, while photosynthesis uses sunlight.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that chemosynthesis uses chemicals like hydrogen sulfide to produce food, while photosynthesis relies on sunlight for energy to create food, distinguishing the two processes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Front

What is the function of ATP in living things?

Back

provides energy for cells

Answer explanation

ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the primary energy carrier in cells. It provides the energy needed for various cellular processes, making 'provides energy for cells' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Front

Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?

Back

A

Answer explanation

The bond broken in ATP to release energy is the high-energy bond between the second and third phosphate groups, which is labeled as A. This hydrolysis reaction releases energy for cellular processes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Front

The Electron Transport Chain is a series of chemical reactions in which energy is transferred to form a large amount of what molecule?

Back

ATP

Answer explanation

The Electron Transport Chain primarily produces ATP through a series of redox reactions, transferring energy from electrons to generate this essential energy-carrying molecule, making ATP the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Front

Which molecule is the reactant of Glycolysis?

Back

glucose

Answer explanation

The primary reactant of Glycolysis is glucose, which is broken down to produce energy. Water, carbon dioxide, and ATP are not reactants in this initial stage of glucose metabolism.

Front

Where does cellular respiration (Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain) occur in the cell?

Back

mitochondria

Answer explanation

Cellular respiration, including the Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain, occurs in the mitochondria. This organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell, where energy production takes place.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7