Grade 5 Math: Fractions

A fraction represents a part of a whole and is expressed as a ratio of two integers, with a numerator (top number) and a denominator (bottom number).

The numerator represents the number of parts being considered or taken from the whole.

The denominator represents the total number of equal parts that make up the whole.

To add fractions with different denominators, find a common denominator, convert the fractions, and then add the numerators.

To subtract fractions, ensure they have a common denominator, then subtract the numerators and keep the denominator the same.

To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators together and the denominators together. Simplify if necessary.

To divide fractions, multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction (flip the second fraction and multiply).

A mixed number is a whole number combined with a proper fraction, such as 2 1/2.

To convert an improper fraction to a mixed number, divide the numerator by the denominator to find the whole number, and use the remainder as the new numerator.

The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest multiple that two or more numbers share. It is used to find a common denominator when adding or subtracting fractions.