Biological processes involving redox reactions include (state two reactions)

Both Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration.

Photosynthesis process

Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches).

Photosynthesis chemical equation

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Location of Pigments, such as chlorophyll

Pigments are found in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts in leaf cells

Gases exchanged through stomata include

Carbon Dioxide enters and water vapor and oxygen exit through stomata

Diagram of leaf structure

Illustration of how water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen move in and out of a leaf

small openings on the underside surface of leaves; they allow for gas exchange.

Chloroplasts are enclosed by how many membranes?

Chloroplasts are enclosed by 2 membranes.

Two stages of photosynthesis and their locations

1) Light Reactions - in thylakoid membranes 2) Calvin Cycle (light-independent reactions) - in stroma

Energy from the sun is captured by pigments (chlorophyll) in the thylakoid membranes.

ATP is an immediately usable energy molecule produced in light reactions.

NADPH acts as an electron shuttle in light reactions.

Role of Water and Oxygen in Light Reactions

Water is used and oxygen is released as a waste product of the light reactions.

Role of ATP and NADPH

Both ATP and NADPH are needed to power the Calvin Cycle.

Conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose through enzymatic reactions in the chloroplast.

Gives electrons to the Calvin Cycle to make reduced sugar.

Recycling of molecules from the Calvin Cycle back to the light reactions

ADP and emtpy electron shuttles get recycled from the Calvin Cycle back to the light reactions so the light reactions can keep making ATP and NADPH for the Calvin Cycle

ATP and ADP cycle in photosynthesis

ATP provides energy to drive the Calvin Cycle, while ADP returns to the light reactions to be recharged.

Describe inputs and outputs of the Calvin Cycle

CO2 enters and gets converted into glucose through enzymatic reactions that involve the input of ATP and NADPH. Empty electron shuttles and ADP molecules are recycled back to the light reactions.

Describe the Diagram of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis involves light reactions and the Calvin cycle. Light reactions convert light energy into chemical energy as ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO₂ into glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆). Recycled molecules include ADP and NADP⁺.

After the glucose is made, what is it used for?

Glucose storage and conversion in plants and animals. Plants store glucose as complex carbohydrates (starch), use it to form cellulose for cell walls, and convert it into energy in the mitochondria. Animals eat the plants; Extra energy in animals is stored as glycogen.

Function of cellulose

Provides structural support for plants. Cellulose is used to build plant cell walls.

purpose of light reactions.

The light reactions convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH using the electrons from water.

waste product of light reactions.

During the light reactions, water molecules are split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct/ waste product.

Role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Function of stomata in plants

Stomata regulate gas exchange and water loss by opening and closing their pores.

Importance of the Calvin Cycle

The Calvin Cycle converts carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose, providing energy for the plant.

Role of water in light reactions

Water is split into oxygen, protons, and electrons during the light reactions, providing electrons for the electron transport chain.

Flashcards- Ch 10 Photosynthesis Flashcards

Student preview

44 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

Back

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are processes that cycle energy in cells, involving chloroplasts and mitochondria. The products of one reaction are the reactants of the other reaction. Photosynthesis uses the chloroplast to make the glucose that will be broken down in the mitochondria through cellular respiration into ATP.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

Back

Involve electron transfers from one substance to another.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-7

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Oxidation

Back

Loss of electrons; energy releasing.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Reduction

Back

Gain of electrons; energy storing.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

OIL RIG

Back

Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Diagram showing electron transfer in redox reactions

Back

Illustrates the process of oxidation and reduction with electron transfer. A lost electrons (was oxidized), B gained electrons (was reduced).

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Ionic bonds are examples of what type of reactions?

Back

Redox reactions (because they transfer electrons from one atom to another).

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

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