Cell Cycle Regulation and Cancer

Front

What is the G1 checkpoint responsible for in the cell cycle?

Back

The G1 checkpoint verifies cell size and checks the DNA for damage before the cell enters the S phase.

Front

What does the G2 checkpoint ensure before the cell proceeds to mitosis?

Back

The G2 checkpoint ensures that chromosomes are duplicated and checks for damage in the replicated DNA.

Front

What is the role of the M checkpoint in the cell cycle?

Back

The M checkpoint ensures that the chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle fibers before the cell divides.

Front

What distinguishes malignant tumors from benign tumors?

Back

Malignant tumors have cells that have broken away from the main tumor and can invade other tissues.

Front

What is an example of an external factor that promotes cell growth?

Back

Growth factors, such as hormones, are external factors that promote cell growth.

Front

What is the significance of the cell cycle in cancer development?

Back

Dysregulation of the cell cycle can lead to uncontrolled cell division, contributing to cancer development.

Front

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes.

Front

What is the function of cyclins in cell cycle regulation?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Front

How does a decrease in growth hormone affect cell growth?

Back

A decrease in growth hormone inhibits cell growth, making it NOT an external factor that promotes cell growth.

Front

What is the role of tumor suppressor genes in the cell cycle?

Back

Tumor suppressor genes help regulate the cell cycle and prevent uncontrolled cell division.