Genetics Flashcard

Front

What is a polygenic trait?

Back

A trait that is influenced by multiple genes, resulting in a range of phenotypes, such as height or skin color.

Front

What is the genotype for a monster with green hair if green is dominant to purple?

Back

The genotype could be either GG (homozygous dominant) or Gg (heterozygous). The genotype 'gg' would indicate purple hair.

Front

What does a bell-shaped curve represent in the context of polygenic traits?

Back

It represents a normal distribution where most individuals have intermediate trait values, with fewer individuals having extreme values.

Front

Why might identical twins appear different from each other despite having the same DNA?

Back

Environmental factors can influence gene expression, leading to differences in traits between identical twins.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a phenotype that is a blend of the two.

Front

What phenotypic ratio is expected from a cross between two pink snapdragons?

Back

1 red: 2 pink: 1 white.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.

Front

What is the significance of dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles mask the effect of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals, determining the phenotype.

Front

How do environmental factors affect gene expression?

Back

Environmental factors can influence how genes are expressed, leading to variations in traits even among genetically identical individuals.

Front

What is the role of alleles in genetics?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that can produce variations in a trait.