Lewis Dot Structures - Ionic and Covalent

Front

What is a Lewis Dot Structure?

Back

A Lewis Dot Structure is a diagram that represents the valence electrons of atoms within a molecule, showing how they are arranged among the atoms and how they bond.

Front

How do you determine the total number of valence electrons for an ion?

Back

For a negatively charged ion, add the charge to the total number of valence electrons. For a positively charged ion, subtract the charge from the total.

Front

In a Lewis structure, what does each line between atoms represent?

Back

Each line represents a pair of shared electrons, indicating a covalent bond.

Front

How many unshared pairs of electrons does oxygen have in a water molecule (H2O)?

Back

Oxygen has 2 unshared pairs of electrons in a water molecule.

Front

What is the Lewis Dot Structure for ammonia (NH3)?

Back

The Lewis Dot Structure for ammonia shows nitrogen in the center with three hydrogen atoms bonded to it and one lone pair of electrons on nitrogen.

Front

What is the charge of a calcium ion when it forms an ionic bond?

Back

Calcium typically forms a +2 charge when it loses two electrons to form a calcium ion (Ca²+).

Front

How many fluorine atoms are needed to bond with one calcium atom in an ionic compound?

Back

Two fluorine atoms are needed to bond with one calcium atom to balance the +2 charge of calcium.

Front

What is the significance of lone pairs in Lewis structures?

Back

Lone pairs represent unshared electrons that can influence the shape and reactivity of the molecule.

Front

What is the octet rule in relation to Lewis structures?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.

Front

How do you represent a double bond in a Lewis structure?

Back

A double bond is represented by two lines between the bonded atoms, indicating that four electrons are shared.