DNA Structure and Components Flashcard

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

Front

What are the main components of DNA?

Back

The main components of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

How do nitrogenous bases pair in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other.

Front

What is the role of genes in DNA?

Back

Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for producing specific proteins, which determine traits.

Front

What is the significance of the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

Back

The sugar-phosphate backbone provides structural support and stability to the DNA molecule.

Front

What is the function of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself, ensuring genetic information is passed on during cell division.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.