Unit 5: DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides on mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.

Front

What base pairs with adenine in DNA?

Back

Thymine pairs with adenine in DNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and thymine, while RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.

Front

What type of mutation is an insertion?

Back

An insertion is a mutation where one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, facilitating the translation of mRNA into amino acids.