DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

Back

Ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming phosphodiester bonds, sealing the nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone.

Front

If adenine makes up 32% of the DNA, what percentage of thymine would be present?

Back

Thymine would also make up 32% of the DNA, as adenine pairs with thymine in a 1:1 ratio.

Front

What is the complementary base pair for cytosine in DNA?

Back

Guanine is the complementary base pair for cytosine in DNA.

Front

What type of bond holds the base pairs together in the DNA double helix?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the base pairs together in the DNA double helix.

Front

What are the monomers that make up DNA and RNA?

Back

Nucleotides are the monomers that make up both DNA and RNA.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of structure?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA serves as a template for translating the genetic code into a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.