Mastering Two-Digit Addition and Subtraction

The result is the sum of the two numbers, which can be calculated by aligning the numbers vertically and adding each column, carrying over if necessary.

To subtract, align the numbers vertically, subtract each column starting from the right, and borrow from the next column if needed.

93

You have 45 stickers left.

The sum is 91.

The total is 42 apples.

Carrying is important when the sum of a column exceeds 9, as it affects the next column's total.

Borrowing is the process of taking 1 from the next left column when the top number is smaller than the bottom number in a subtraction problem.

You can check your addition by reversing the operation (subtracting the second number from the sum) to see if you get the first number.

A two-digit number is any number from 10 to 99.