unit 3 Part 2

Front

What is the Kelvin scale and why is it used in gas law calculations?

Back

The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale starting at absolute zero. It is used in gas law calculations because it is directly proportional to the kinetic energy of particles, allowing for accurate calculations of gas behavior.

Front

How does temperature in Kelvin relate to pressure in gas laws?

Back

According to the gas laws, as temperature in Kelvin increases, the kinetic energy of particles increases, leading to more frequent and forceful collisions, which results in increased pressure.

Front

What happens to particle collisions when volume increases?

Back

When volume increases, the distance between particles increases, leading to fewer collisions among them, which results in a decrease in pressure.

Front

Explain the relationship between temperature in Celsius and pressure.

Back

As temperature in Celsius increases, the kinetic energy of particles increases, resulting in more frequent and stronger collisions, which leads to an increase in pressure.

Front

Why is it important to use the Kelvin scale instead of Celsius in gas law problems?

Back

The Kelvin scale is important because it starts at absolute zero, ensuring that temperature is always a positive value, which is necessary for direct proportionality in gas law equations.

Front

What is the formula relating pressure and temperature in gas laws?

Back

The formula relating pressure and temperature is given by the equation: \( \frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2} \), where P is pressure and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Front

Define absolute zero in the context of the Kelvin scale.

Back

Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which all particle motion ceases, defined as 0 Kelvin, equivalent to -273.15 degrees Celsius.

Front

How does increasing temperature affect the speed of gas particles?

Back

Increasing temperature causes gas particles to move faster due to increased kinetic energy, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions.

Front

What is the effect of decreasing volume on gas pressure?

Back

Decreasing volume increases the frequency of collisions between gas particles, which results in an increase in pressure.

Front

Describe the relationship between pressure and volume in a gas at constant temperature.

Back

At constant temperature, the relationship between pressure and volume is described by Boyle's Law, which states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume (P ∝ 1/V).